Day 3 :
Keynote Forum
Fuad Fares
University of Haifa, Israel
Keynote: Long acting recombinant glycoprotein hormones: From bench to clinics
Time : 09:30-10:00
Biography:
Fuad Fares has completed his DSc studies at the Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of
Technology and Postdoctoral studies at the Department of Molecular Biology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis Missouri. He is the Director of the Department of Molecular Genetics at Carmel Medical Center and Associated Professor at the Department of Human Biology, University of Haifa. He has published more than 75 papers in reputed journals and serving as a member of the Israel Council for Higher Education. He is the inventor of designing long-acting recombinant proteins and the initiator of PROLOR Biotech Company.Abstract:
One major issue regarding the clinical use of many O-linked oligosaccharides play an important role in preventing plasma clearance and thus increasing the half-life of the protein in circulation. Using this strategy we succeeded to ligate the CTP to the coding sequence of follitropin (FSH), thyrotropin (TSH), erythropoietin (EPO) growth hormone (GH) and thus to increase the longevity and bioactivity of these proteins in vivo. Interestingly, the new analogs of FSH and GH were found not immunogenic in human and it is already passed successfully clinical trials phase III and phase II respectively. Moreover, FSH long acting was approved by the European Commission (EC) for treatment of fertility. In addition, our results indicated that long acting GH is not toxic in monkeys and the results from clinical trials phase I and phase II seem to be promising. Designing long acting peptides will diminish the cost of these drugs and perhaps reduce the number of injections in the clinical protocols.
peptides is their short half-life due to the rapid clearance from the circulation. To overcome this probl em, we succeeded to ligate the signal sequence of O-linked oligosaccharides to the coding sequence of the hormones . The cassette gene that has been used contains the sequence of the carboxyl-terminal peptide (CTP) of human chorionic gonadotropin ï¢ (hCGï¢) subunit. The CTP contains 28 amino acids with four O-linked oligosaccharide recognition sites. It was postulated that O-linked oligosaccharides add f lexibility, hydrophilicity and stability to the protein. On the other hand it was suggested that the four- Agriculture Biotechnology
Location: Flemings Conference Hotel Room 7
Session Introduction
Raoufa A I Abdel Rahman
Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Egypt
Title: Production of rosmarinic acid from in-vitro culture of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L) and lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L)
Time : 09:30-09:55
Biography:
Raoufa A I Abdel Rahman has completed her PhD in 2003 at Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture, Pharmaceutical Bio-products Research Dep ., City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications, Alex., Egypt. Her main research interests are using plant tissue culture and genetic engineering techniques to conserve rare and endangered plant species, as well as enhancement in the productivity of important pharmaceutical compounds from plants. She is working in several projects dealing with the production of antiviral , anticancer and antioxidant compounds f rom plants using in-vitro cultures.
Genetics Dep., through a collaborative scholarship with University of Georgia, Athens, USA. She completed a research project entitled "Exploring IRES mediated discistrons for the phytoremediation of Mercury". Currently, she is the Director ofAbstract:
Over the past three decades, plant cell and tissue culture and plant biotechnology techniques have proved to be a valuable tool to study bio synthesis and production of plant secondary products. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural phenolic compound produced by variety speci es of Lamiaceae and Boraginaceae families. In the recent few years, RA has attracted attention due to its antiviral, antibacterial , anti-inflammatory and anti-aller gic activities. In the present study, the efficiency of us ing plant tissue culture techniques as a promising alternative method for the production of RA from basil and lemon balm was tested. Callus and shoot cultures were established using different types of explants and medium composition to test the optimum conditio n for their production. Results showed that leaf explants were the best explants for callus production. MS medium containing 1mg/l BA and 1mg/NAA (MS2) was the best medium for callus growth in lemon balm while MS4 was the optimum media for basil. Stem segments and shoot tips were used as explants for production of shoot cultures in lemon balm and basil. RA levels were determined in control, callus and shoot cultures. Results showed that callus and shoot cultures accumulated higher levels of RA compared to control. RA levels ranged from 9.42±1.27 to 38.25±0.73 ug/ mg plant dry weight. Shoots produced 3 and 2.7 folds higher rosmarinic acid levels compared to control in lemon balm and basil. The overall results indicated that plant tissue culture is an efficient tool for RA production from basil and lemon balm plants.
S. K. Tiwari
State Forest Research Institute, Jabalpur India
Title: Standardization of clonal macropropagation protocol of Dillenia pentagyna roxb an important and endangered medicinal tree species through stem branch cuttings
Time : 09:55-10:20
Biography:
Dr. Shailendra Kumar Tiwari has completed his PhD at the age of 29 years from Rani Durgawati University, Jabalpur. He is the Senior Scientist of State Forest Research Institute, Jabalpur a premier Forestry Research service organization. He has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals. He was the member of Society of In vitro Biology, USA, since 2013. He has more than 28 years of research experience in Forest Genetics, Forest Tree Improvement, Plant Propagation particularly Macro and Micropropagation and Plant Biotechnology. He trained more than 2000 students and other stake holders in the field of plant tissue culture and plant biotechnology. He has also Visited New Zealand as FAO Fellow in 1998 and presented paper in 2007 in SIVB conference at Indianapolis, USA.
Abstract:
Abstract: Dillenia pentagyna belongs to family Dilleniaceae , is commonly known as Karkat. It is small deciduous tree reaching up to the height of 10-12mt with a straight bole. The species is distributed throughout in India including Andaman & Nicobar. It is highly important medicinal tree species. Its leaves, fruits and bark shows antibacterial , anti-alpha glucosidase and antioxidant property. Due to its hi gh medici nal value the natural occurrence of this species is declining day by day and gradually the species comes under the threat condition. The species is highly recalcitrant in nature, because it very difficult to propagate by conventional propagation methods. Now there is an urgent need to develop an appropriate technology for its conservation and clonal propagation. An attempt has been made for standardizing the clonal propagation technique of this valuable medicinal species through stem branch cuttings under intermittent misting conditions in mist chamber. The optimum rooting response has been standardized by various PPM concentrations and treatment timings of root promoting hormones IBA and NAA. The optimum rooting response > 60 percent was observed when the cutting were treated up to 20 minute with 500 ppm concentration of IBA. On an average 6 roots with10-15cm length were induced from the cuttings after 30-35 days.NAA was failed to induce roots from the cuttings
Muhammad Asgher
University of Agriculture, Pakistan
Title: Activity and thermostabilty improvement of Trametes versicolor IBL-04 laccase by chitosan beads immobilization
Time : 10:20-10:45
Biography:
Abstract:
The laccase bioremediation and biosensor development. Monomeric 66 kDa laccase produced by Trametes versicolor IBL-04 in SSF of corncobs (911 U/ mL) was purified through ammonium sulphate precipitation, dialysis, ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. The purified laccase was immobilization using chitosan as support material and glutaraldehyde as activator/cross linking agent. Chitosan concentration of 2.5% was optimum for preparation of most stable 2.0 mm size chitosan beads activated by 1.5% glutaraldehyde for best laccse immobilization. Scanning electron microscopy showed that beads with immobilized laccase on the surface were spherical in shape having large surface area. The immobilized laccase was found to be catalytically more vigorous and stable and it worked over a wide range of pH 3-6 and temperature 45-65o C. Laccase immobilized with chitosan beads had 936 U/mL at pH 6 and 60° C and improved thermal behavior. The chitosan beads immobilized laccase had higher Km (93 µM) and V-max 944 µM/min values as compared to its soluble counterpart thus demonstrating its higher catalytic efficiency. The kinetic and thermostability characteristics of chitosan beads immobilized laccase reflect that the enzyme has potential for use in industrial and environmental biotechnology.
enzyme has got tremendous applications in diverse industrial pr ocesses including biomass delignification, bio pulping in paper and pulp, as denim stone wash agent, detergents,Anjali Jaiwal
University of Delhi, India
Title: Silencing of hormonal biosynthesis genes by double stranded RNA (dsRNA) impairs larval growth and development of cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera)
Time : 10:45-11:10
Biography:
Myself Anjali Jaiwal, I am pursuing Ph.D under the supervision of Prof. M.V. Rajam, Head Dept. of gene sequences to GenBank of NCBI. Published one review article ‘Coenzyme Q10 production in plants: current status and future prospects’ in ‘Critical reviews in Biotechnology’ as second author. Attended six national and three international conferences. Awarded CSIR-UGC JRF and prestigious DST-INSPIRE fellowship by the DST (Department of Science and Technology). My research work includes the screening of few vital genes of Helicoverpa armigera by feeding target gene dsRNAs to the insect pest via semi-synthetic artifici al diet. Also, development of insect resistant transgenic tobacco and cotton plants via Plant-mediated RNAi silencing of vital genes of H. armigera
Genetics , University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India. I did my post-graduation in Biotechnology from M.D. university, Rohtak, Haryana and received Gold medal for standing first in the university. Also ranked first among the science students during graduation. Received different scholarships during graduation and Post-graduation. Cloned and submitted threeAbstract:
Helicoverpa armigera is a polyphagous insect pest responsible for major losses in cotton and other agronomically important crops. RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as a potential alternative to raise insect-resistant plants by in planta expression of dsRNA specific to a vital insect gene. In the present study, the hormonal biosynthesis genes in H. armigera were targeted by feeding dsRNAs correspond in g to each target gene viz., juvenile hormone acid methyl transfererase (HaJHAMT), prothoracicotropic hormone (HaPTTH), pheromone biosynthesis-activating peptide (HaPBAP), molt regulating transcription factor (HaHR3), activated protein 4 (HaAP-4) and eclosion hormone precursor (HaEHP) which play key roles in regulation of physiological, developmental and behavioural events in the target insect pest. Ingestion of target gene dsRNAs via artificial diet resulted in variable mortality ranging from 60-92% in all the six targeted genes. Silencing of the target genes showed retarded larval growth, delayed in molting, metamorphosis and pupal formation. A comparison of the silencing potency of un-diced long HaPTTH dsRNA with RNase III-diced-siRNAs revealed that long dsRNAs were more effective in target gene silencing as compared to siRNAs. The HaPTTH-dsRNA coated onto the detached leaf was found to be more effective in silencing target gene when compared to dsRNA feeding via artificial diet. The qRT-PCR analyses showed that mRNA level of six target genes was drastically reduced compared to control or unrelated GFP-dsRNA control cor related with the developmental defects. These results indicate that hormonal biosynthesis genes can be used as vital targets for improving pest resistance in cotto n and other crop plants which are infested with H. armigera.
Khaled Hussein Arafat
Assiut University Egypt
Title: Biological control of Erwinia amylovora on pear trees by alternative bactericides
Biography:
Abstract:
The blossom blight phase of fire blight disease on pear trees, caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora (Burrill), is typically managed by applying the antibiotic , streptomycin sulfate and copper, to trees during blossom. Biological control agents of fire blight can be achieved by applying nonpathogenic bacteria, viz. Bacillus subtilis or Pantoea agglomerans and plant extract, viz. Harmel during open flowers as spraying treatments. The objective of this study was to examine the alternative bactericides against bacterium E. amylovora in vitro and in vivo during two seasons (2013-2014) in Al-Gharbia governorate, Egypt. Our results confirmed the ability of these non-pathogenic bacteria and plant extract can decreased fire blight severity on pear trees. Further studies with different locations in Egypt and larger sample sizes would allow us to make stronger recommendations including their ability to prevent disease and make it in integrated pest management program.
- Nanobiotechnology
Location: Flemings Conference Hotel
Session Introduction
Arshad Islam
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
Title: Nanosystems formed by amphiphilic antimony(v) complexes incorporating amphotericin B for the treatment leishmaniasis
Time : 11:30-11:55
Biography:
Arshad Islam has completed his PhD from Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil and currently working as Post-doctoral researcher at Laboratory of Biophysics and Nanostructured Systems, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sceinces, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. He has published 4 papers in reputed journals
Abstract:
This work aimed to developan oral formulation of amphotericin B (AmB) for treatment of leishmaniasis. AmB is an antifungal and antibacterial macrolide polyenederived from Streptomyces nodosus strain, that belongs to the group of second generation anti-leishmanial drugs and is extensively used in case of failures in the treatment with antimonial compounds. AmB was incorporated into nanosystems formed by amphiphilic antimony(V) complexes with ligands of alkylmethylglucamide series (L8 and L10, with 8 and 10 carbon chain, respectively). Incorporation rate of 0.2% AmB into SbL8 and SbL10 dispersions was determined using an HPLC-based technique and was found to be 84±1% and 74±1%, respectively. The characterizarion of SbL10-AmB and SbL8-AmB by circular dichroism and UV-visible spectroscopies showed that AmB is present predominantly under the monomeric form in both SbL8 and Sb10 nanosystems, which is the least toxic form to the host and potentially most bioavailable. The potential for the oral treatment of visceral (VL) and cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) was evaluated in murine models in comparison to the standard drug Anforicin B® or Glucantime® administered intraperitoneally or orally. In Balb/c mice infected with Leishmania amazonensis, the SbL10-AmB mixed formulation (170 mgSb/kg and 14 mg AmB/kg, each 2 days by oral route) resulted in a significant decrease of the lesion size, when compared to orally administetred Glucantime® and SbL10 (170 mg Sb/kg, each 2 days), Anforicin B® (>1mg/kg/each 5th day, by intraperitoneal route) and control saline group. In Balb/c mice infected with Leishmania infantum, both the SbL10-AmB and SbL8-AmB mixed formulations given orally (170 mg Sb/kg and 14 mg AmB/kg per day) reduced significantly the parasite load in the liver compared to the untreated control, to a similar level as AmB given intraperitoneally (0.9 mg/kg/day). This study established for the first time the potential of mixed SbL10-AmB and SbL8-AmB formulations for the oral treatment of both cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis , indicating their potential for further development and applications.
Cletus A Ukwubile
Federal Polytechnic Bali, Nigeria
Title: Anti-microbial properties and characterization of annona muricata linn loaded chitosan nanoparticles against cancer associated microbes
Biography:
Abstract:
Annona muricata chitosan nanoparticles (AMCS), nano-seized drug carriers were prepared by ionic gelation of chitosan and sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) anions. Antimicrobial properties and characterization of A. muricata chitosan formulation of leaf methanol extract were evaluated on ten cancer associated microbes; Bacillus subtilis NCTC8239, Salmonella typhi ATCC9184, Staphylococcus aureus NCTC6571, E.coli NCTC10418, Staphylococcus aureus (clinical isolate), MRSA (clinical isolate), Streptococcus pyogenes (clinical isolate), Klebsiella pneumonia ATCC 10031, Candida albican ATCC 19231 and Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 6571 using agar well diffusion method. AMCS exhibited great antimicrobial properties against all the microbes which were significantly different from that of the broad spectrum antibiotic ceftriaxone 10 mg; USP. Compatibility of A. muricata loaded chitosan nanoparticles as revealed by atomic force and transmission electron microscopes showed that chitosan nanoparticles are effective drug carriers for both antimicrobial and anticancer agents. The study showed that chitosan loaded plant extract of Annona muricata is a sure promise towards treating some infectious diseases such as cancer and microbial infections.
Sandeep Pandey
Awadhesh Pratap Singh University, India
Title: Dynamics of nanotechnology tools to combat plant pathogens
Biography:
Dr. Pandey started his career as a Lecturer in colleges in Mumbai University. He persuaded his Doctorate in Environmental Biology from A.P.S. University, Rewa in 2005. He joined the same university in 2005 and is working in the Department of Biotechnology, Environmental Sciences, Botany and Forestry. He is specialized in Plant Pathology. His area of research also includes environmental biology, ethnobotany, forestry, environment management, bioinformatics and nanotech sciences.
Abstract:
Nanotechnology has emerged with varied scopes in the field of plant pathology. In recent year the science of plant pathology has witnessed major breakthroughs in plant defense and disease combating programs. The nanotubes, an important tool of nanotechnology which is a cylindrically shaped carbon molecules having a diameter of about one nanometer can be exploited to deliver proteins, nucleic acids and drugs to cells. This technique also helps to recognize and fight pathogens in agriculture crops. Although carbon nanotubes had toxic effects because they induce programmed cell death in plant cells but do not show any adverse impact at the tissue level indicating that injecting cells with carbon nanotubes caused only limited injury. Thus to design a disease combating nanotechnology model (DCNM) requires assessment of bioavailability and toxicity of carbon nanotubes and their impurities on the crops. The crops should also be tested for their cell viability, genetic material, gene expression, seed germination, seed growth and various other physiological, biochemical and genetic characteristics before applying the nanotechnology principles. The doses of nanotubes can act as a limiting factor in these programs. The use of magnetic nanoparticles through magnetic field gradients has been proved significant in selected plant tissues. The magnet helps these nanoparticles that are charged with different substances to get introduced within the plants and if necessary concentrated into localized areas modifying pathogenesis mechanism. The safer use of nanotechnology techniques to combat agriculture crop pathogens and evaluation of new tools for a successful plant disease management programs are reviewed.
Eka Sunarwidhi Prasedya
Fukushima Medical University, Japan
Title: Sulphated polysaccharides from seaweeds has potential to inhibit cell growth and cell cycle arrest of human cancer cells
Time : 11:55-12:20
Biography:
Eka Sunarwidhi Prasedya is a PhD candidate pursuing his PhD in Fukushima Medical University, Japan. Previously, he earned his Bachleor’s degree from Gadjah Mada University, Jogjakarta, Indonesia and Master’s degree from Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Abstract:
Sulphated polysaccharides from marine algaes has been previously reported to have therapeutic properties. Esp ecially, sulphated polysaccharides such as carrageenaand n fucoidan are known to exhibit strong antitumor activities. However, little is known about the mechanism of fucoidan or carrageenan an titumor activities towards human cells. In this study, firstly, we evaluated the effects of fucoidan and carrageenan towards cell growth of HeLa cells. HeLa cells were cultured with various concentrations of fucoidan (0-100 µg/mL) and carrageenan (0-1000 µg/mL). Both sulphated polysaccharides were seen to i nhibit cell growth of HeL a cells. To confirm whether cell growth is truely inhibited or not, fucci fluorescent ubiquitiniation-based cell cycle indicator were used to evaluate cell cycle arrest due to fucoidan and carrageenan treatment. Cell cycle was seen to be arrested at the G1 phase which indicates that later on cells would undergo apoptosis. The findings of this study so far gives the idea that fucoidan and carrageenan inhibits cell growth of HeLa cells by arresting cell cycle. Future studies are still needed to provide better understanding of the antitumor mechanisms of marine algae sulphated polysaccharides.
Akbar Vaseghi
Islamic Azad University, Iran
Title: Gold nanoparticles for biomedical applications
Time : 12:20-12:45
Biography:
Akbar Vaseghi has completed his master at the age of 27 years from Tarbiyat Modares University. He has published more than 10 papers in reputed journals. He has been working as a research assistant in the Nanobiosensor particular Drug Design, Imaging for cancer cells whit using Gold Nanoprobes by possibility attach in biological targets (DNA and peptide).
Nanobiotechnology laboratory and Computational Nano- design. He has experience in this field whit investigation, especially by researchAbstract:
surface chemistry be produced q uickly and inexpensively; also with their unique optical properties have been employed for detection of a variety of pathogenic microorganism including bacteria, viruses and fungi, there are differed ways for synthesize GNPs which are widely employed. An important challenge in medical diagnostics is to design all-in-one contrast agents that can be qualitative or quantitative detected with multiple techniques such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), X-ray Computed Tomography (CT), Photothermal Therapy (PTT), Photodynamic Therapy (PDT), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), Single Photon Emission Tomography (SP ECT) or ultra-efficient Fluorescence Quenchers (FI) and Quantum Dots (QDs). Gold nanoprobes have gained significance as novel pharmaceutical compounds to be used for imaging purposes and targeted delivery of therapeutic cargoes into cancer cells. Taken together, special features of nanoprobes and their diverse range of applications highlight their importance as valuable diagnostic and therapeutic tools. We made attempt to design next generation nano-chips through using gold nano-probes particularly gold nanoparticles and nano-rods for detection of pathogens and cancer cells. To this end, we attached bio-barcodes to gold nanoprobes to achieve detection and therapeutic objectives. However, due to the explosion of publications about applications of AuNPs, this current review we describe a method to quantify recent research advances of gold nano-. probe
Nanomaterials particularly Gold Nanoparticles (GNPs) features unique physicochemical properties so that represent enormous promise for diagnosis and treatment of human diseases. These particles have a biocompatibility, size, provide a high surface-to-volume ratio and ease for fictionalization or characterization, their low toxicity, high extinction coefficients, straight forward synthesis methods as well as an extensive knowle dge of theirNasirzadeh Keyvan
Imam Hossein Comprehensive University, Iran
Title: Preparation and characterization of alginate beads reinforced with silica nanoparticles for microbial cell culture
Time : 12:45-13:10
Biography:
Abstract:
Silica-alginate nanocomposites were prepared by reinforcing the alginate beads with sili ca nanoparticles and used for microbial cell culture. Nonporous silica nanoparticl es (NSNs) and mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were prepared and then amine-functionalized with N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyl trimethoxy-silane (EDS) to prepare positively charged amine-n. Different concentration of the prepared unfunctionalized and amine-functionalized silica nanoparticles were utilized to prepare reinforced alginate beads. Mechanical stability of the prepared beads was investigated and the Young's modulus values were calculated. DH5α cell were entrapped in the prepared beads and then their growth was studied. In addition, the toxicity of the silica particles on the growth of the cells was also studied. Young's modulus values of the beads reinforced with all the silica nanoparticles were markedly improved in comparison to that of the beads without any silica anoparticles nanoparticles . The Young's modulus values of the beads reinforced with amine-functionalized MSNs was measured to be app roximately 4.5 folds higher than that for the bare alginate beads. The existence of silica nanoparticles in the alginate beads not only increases their mechanical stability but also decreases the leakage of cells from the beads. In addition, the results showed that the various silica nanoparticles prepared in this work does not show any significant effects on viability of the encapsulated cells. Finally, the superior properties of the prepared nanocomposite beads recommend them as a suitable cell culture system for microbial cells' cultivation for various applications.
F Kashanian
University of Tehran, Iran
Title: A novel method to effectively remove waste metabolic products
Biography:
Faezeh kashanian is a PhD student of nano-biotechnology at Tehran University from the year of 2012. She has been working in the Biotech Laboratory of Magnetic Nanoparticles for 3 years. During all these past 10 years, she has taught Fundamentals of physics, biophysics and Quantum physics. Master of Science was solid state of physics and Bachelor of Science was in Applied Physics and Software computer.
Abstract:
The kidney is responsible for regulating acid base balanced and electrolyte concentration example sodium and chloride as well as excreting waste products produced by metabolism like urea and creatinine. It is known that these uremic solutes retention indicating as pathophysiological signs and symptoms lead to kidney insufficiency. In the acute renal failure to protect the health of the patient although dialysis treatment is used to remove mentioned waste products and regulating intracellular fluids but it has some disadvantages. Here introduced Nano Magnetic Bio Polymers Systems (NMBPS) for smart removal of metabolic waste products in blood by means of a kind of absorbents is based on molecular imprinted method. Highly selective separation of metabolites of blood by taking the advantage of applying in the new dialysis device for removing the metabolites is novel and efficient therefore, designing a magnetic capturing mechanism to get rid of all foreign material (magnetic nanoparticles) before return the blood to the patient body is necessary. Prepared NMBPS possessed easy accessibility to the targeted sites and showed fast kinetics, high capacity and favorable selectivity. Successful application of this method in the capturing of the wastes from blood and acceptable recovery after a reasonably mild elution suggested that NMBPS can be used for selectively capturing metabolites in the blood. The benefits of this separation method are capturing the high molecular weight toxins, lower losing the Blood proteins example Albumin and lower long term side effects.