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Rajeshwari Nanda

Rajeshwari Nanda

University of Delhi, India

Title: Impact of heavy metal stress on in vitro plant productivity, evaluation of anti-oxidative enzymes, ultra-structural changes, protein profiling and DNA damage in Cassia angustifolia Vahl. a medicinal legume.

Biography

Biography: Rajeshwari Nanda

Abstract

The presence of heavy metals in the environment is one of the major concerns because of their bio-accumulating tendency and toxicity. In this study, Cassia angustifolia Vahl was grown on Knop’s basal medium supplemented with various concentrations (0, 1, 10, 50, 100, 200 mg L−1) of heavy metals (ZnSO4 and CuSO4) to understand the anti-oxidative enzymes, metal accumulation and DNA damage at cellular level. Average root and shoot length decreased with increasing metal concentration. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy revealed that maximum accumulation of metal was 643.62 mg kg-1 and 1634.23 mg kg-1 in shoots, while in roots, it was 1682.49 mg kg-1 and 9516.99 mg kg-1 at 200 mg L-1 Zn and Cu treated seedlings, respectively. A significant increase in anti-oxidative enzymes SOD, CAT, APX, GPX and GR was observed under both metal treatments. MDA exhibited 2.5 and 3.33 fold increase and proline accumulation increased up to 9.42 and 11.20 fold over control at 200 mg L-1 Zn and Cu, respectively. SEM images showed that Zn and Cu both had an adverse effect on leaf ultra-structure above 10 mg L-1 Zn and Cu treatment. Trypan blue staining of leaves showed increased cell death at 200 mgL-1 Zn and Cu. HPLC analysis of sennosides revealed that maximum sennoside A content accounted for 175.19 mgg-1 FW at 1 mgL-1 Cu whereas sennoside B accounted for 30.0 mgg-1 FW at 100 mgL-1 Cu treatment. Comet assay showed extensive DNA damage above 10 mgL-1 Zn and Cu. SDS-PAGE analysis showed increased synthesis of low molecular weight proteins (20-14 kDa) at higher concentration of Zn and Cu. Our results suggest that C. angustifolia has high metal accumulating potential which can be utilized for phytoremediation process.