7^th Asia-Pacific Biotech Congress July 13-15, 2015 Beijing. China

Biography:

Abstract:

Xylanases has been increasingly forthcoming in recent years because of their possible involvement in numerous industrial processes including bioconversion of lignocellulose drived sugars in to fuels, processing food and the paper and fibre industries. Edible mushrooms are emerging as important source of xylanolytic enzymes and this study has concentrated to produce and characterize xylanases by pleurotus eryngii. The crude enzyme was characterized on the basis of various parameters such as incubation time, substrate specificity, substrate concentration, enzyme volume, buffer, pH, pH stability, temperature, temperature stability, and effect of various metal ions or compounds. The xylanase activity was noted maximum at 15 minutes of incubation time, 2.0% xylan and 0.5 ml enzyme volume. The highest enzyme activity was found at pH 4.5, whereas xylanase exhibited maximum stability in the range of pH 4.0 to 10.0. The maximum xylanase activity was noted at 60ËšC, while enzyme was most active and retains more than 40% activity at 90°C with in 10 minutes of incubation. ZnCl2 (10mM) stimulated the xylanase activity as compare to other metal ions or compounds. It is concluded that Pleurotus eryngii is capable to produce pH stable and thermostable xylanase for industrial purposes.

Biography:

Felix Lenk is Group head the Institute of Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering, Dresden university.

Abstract:

Laboratory automation was, also due to devices sizes and technologies used, often unavailable to small and middle sized laboratories. However based on the constant development in automation engineering innovative components offer endless possibilities for an engineering of bench-top devices for laboratory automation. In order to improve the development of bioprocesses and routine tasks in microbiology labs the most current technologies are presented. A fully automated solution for nutrient medium preparation with a volume of up to 2 L is currently developed at the Chair of Bioprocess Engineering at the TU Dresden. The device is fully compliant to the guidelines for laboratory devices and produced batches can be tracked (GMP-compliant). With this solution for the automation of nutrient medium preparation the risk of human errors is consequently lowered and the quality of medium preparation is expedited. Users select the appropriate recipes for the nutrient medium from the data-base and after 7 minutes the medium preparation is completed. The PetriJet, also developed at the TU Dresden, aims at all processes associated with culture dishes and can handle more than 100 culture dishes automatically with a patented multi-functional mechanical gripper. The gripper allows to perform various tasks in conjunction with different processing stations such as imaging of cultures dishes using the PetriCam tripod, filling of empty culture dishes with nutrient medium or even transferring samples from on culture dish to another. A unique feature of PetriJet is a processing station that provides real-time stereo images using a stereo camera setup. The integrated software allows a reconstruction of the 3D-image and extensive image analysis for parameter extraction. Many standard tasks in laboratory environments have the potential for an automated solution that fits on one standard work-bench. The authors present a detailed comparison between manual work and the respective prototype automation solution as well as commercial products already available to the market based on a field study finding that the presented lab automation solutions typically enable for a 4 times higher sample throughput while cutting down labor cost by about 75 %.

Biography:

Alexey Safonov has completed his PhD in Ecology and he is a Senior Researcher, Head of Biotechnology and Radioecology group in Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry of Russian Academy of Science. His interests are: Microbiology of radioactive waste repositories, biogeochemistry and in situ bioremediation, bio-treatment of waste, radioecology, uranium mill tailing, bacterial fungal and algae abilities for metal sorption and reduce, flow-through bio-filters, bio-electrochemistry and biosensors, Tc chemistry, trans-uranium radionuclides and fission products and radio medicine.

Abstract:

Liquid radioactive wastes (LRW) are multi-component systems which contain various macro components like nitrate solution (with the concentration of nitrate ions up to 300 g/L), sulfate ions, extractants, solvents, detergents and well as micro components-uranium series radionuclides, fission products (cesium, strontium, technetium, ruthenium, etc.), tritium and corrosion products.Themain problem in implementation of the core technologies of conditioning and long-term storage of radioactive waste ispresence of huge amount of nitrate ions.The aim of the present work was the utilization of denitrifying bacteria at the stage of waste denitration prior to cementation. Biological denitrification takes place viarespiration process whereby, nitrate ions are reduced to nitrogen through a series of intermediates.The microorganisms separated from extreme habitats: Pseudomonas putida (ecosystems contaminated with radioactive waste, dadwaste repository “Severniy”), Halomonas mono(alkaline lakes of Kulunda steppe with a total salt content of up to 300 g /L and pH 9-11) and Shevanella putrefactions strain from underground water contaminated with nitrate and radionuclides were studies. All strainspossess ability to reduce nitrate anions to molecular nitrogen and metals from high to low valence state.On the base of the data obtained from FSUE “RADON” analytical laboratory the model solutions with the following composition nitratesconcentration 4-100 g/L, sulfates up to 2 g/L, bicarbonate HCO3− up to 10 g/Land pH 9-10were prepared. Laboratory designed biofilters with different types of cultivation (in static and flow-through conditions) were applied. As source of carbon and electron donors for cell respiration saccharose in proportion of 1:1,to nitrate ions was used.The content of nitrate, nitrite in solutions and COD parameterswereanalyzed on supply and outlet points of flow-through biofilter in a 1 per 10 min discrete mode.After cultivation under the static conditions (batch mode) the concentration of nitrate ions decreased by factor 2 to 5. During the cultivation in the flow-through biofilter system the rate and degree of nitrate consumption has significantlyincreased via formation of a surface biofilm on an inert carrier providing higher specific surface.Bacterial cells were able to immobilize radionuclides from the solution U (88-96%), Th (up to 90 %),Sr (50-60 %), Tc, Cs and toxic metals Cr, V, Mo, Lacontributing to complex purification of radioactive waste

Biography:

António Maximiano Fernandes has completed his MSc at the age of 28 years from Jiangnan University. He is medical pathologist and food scientist researcher, developing the first real application of highly sensitive genosensor, which has several applications. The main advantage of this research is the superior sensibility application of nanomaterial in real samples detection. Recently he plane to combine electronics and real time samples detection, and papers has been accepted in high reputed journals, such as Biosensor and Bioelectronic (UK) and Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry (USA).

Abstract:

In this paper, we reported the construction of new high sensitive electrochemical genosensor based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes-chitosan-bismuth complex (MWCNT-Chi-Bi) and lead sulfide nanoparticles for the detection of pathogenic Aeromonas. Lead sulfide nanoparticles capped with 5`-(NH2) oligonucleotides thought amide bond was used as signalizing probe DNA (sz-DNA), and thiol-modified oligonucleotides sequence was used as fixing probe DNA (fDNA). The two probes hybridize with target Aeromonas DNA (tDNA) sequence (fDNA-tDNA-szDNA). The signal of hybridization is detected by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) after electrodeposition of released lead nanoparticles (PbS) from sz-DNA on the surface of glass carbon electrode decorated with MWCNT-Chi-Bi, which improves the deposition and traducing electrical signal. A new ssDNA probe and primers specific for the fragment Aerolysin gene (aer) was designed and the optimization of incubation time, hybridization temperature, deposition potential, deposition time and the specificity of the probes were investigated. Our results showed the highest sensibility to detect the target gene when compared with related biosensors and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The detection limit for this biosensor was 10-14 M. We could detect lower than 102 CFU mL-1 of Aeromonas in tap water. This method is rapid and sensitive for the detection of pathogenic bacteria and would become a potential application in biomedical diagnosis, food safety and environmental monitoring.

Biography:

Abstract:

There exist abundant evidence globally that anthropogenic activities have polluted the environment with heavy metals such V(V), which eventually find their way into the human food-chain with the subsequent adverse effects. In this study, the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) was used in the determination of V(V) and total V in medicinal plants collected from the farm in the vicinity of the vanadium smelter but unable to sampling the medicinal plants near ferrochrome smelter. The determination of V(V) in medicinal plants by (GFAAS) was applied based on their leaching with 0.1 M Na2CO3. The solution was filtered through a PDVF 0.45 mL hydrophilic filter prior analysis by GFAAS. The results suggest that the pyrolysis temperatures of 1300ï‚°C - 1500ï‚°C are effective to eliminate the majority of the matrix prior to atomization and any residual amounts of Na2CO3 had no influence on the release of V during atomization.