9^th Biotechnology Congress September 01-02, 2015 Orlando,Florida, USA

Maria Thereza Gamberini received her Master’s and Doctoral degrees in Pharmacology from the Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil. She is currently Assistant Professor at Santa Casa de São Paulo Medical School, Brazil. She has experience in the field of Pharmacology of Natural Products with an emphasis on the pharmacological validation of plant extracts and the isolation and characterization of biomolecules of plant origin.

Sugarcane cultivation has advanced worldwide. In Brazil, data on the 2013-2014 cropyields show that the area devoted to the cultivation of the plants was approximately 8 million hectares with a production of about 600 million tons intended mainly for obtaining sugar and ethanol. Due to advancements in biotechnology, the use of ethanol as a biofuel has already been well established. Several efforts have been made in order to use the agricultural waste from sugar cane, i.e., bagasse and straw. Currently, the sugarcane bagasse supply amounts to 20 million tons/month-this is the raw material used in the factories of this sector to generate heat, steam and energy in the production process. Straw has great potential for generating heat, electricity and producing cellulosic ethanol. In order to take full advantage of this plant, we are looking for new potentials; it may have as a source for new drugs or as raw material for the production of bio molecules with therapeutic purposes. Pharmacological tests revealed that aqueous extracts of the green leaves had an effect on the central nervous system in animals more specifically involving neural circuits linked to motor and cognitive processes. Considering the existence of various neurological and psychiatric disorders such as Parkinson\'s disease, Huntington\'s disease and schizophrenia, the search for new psychoactive agents is essential. Therefore, the pharmacological validation of plant species such as sugarcane which has been used for decades by the population offers new perspectives on the development of therapeutic agents for the treatment of serious diseases.

Beata Cwalina has almost 40 years of Research Experience in studying the fundamental and applied aspects of metals bioleaching from various materials, biocorrosion of metals and biodeterioration of non-metallic materials as well as the modification possibilities of connective tissues for implantology. She has published over 270 papers, many in reputed journals and has been serving as a Reviewer. She had been a Member of scientific councils of four universities. She has supervised 5 PhD students and has reviewed many PhD, Associate Professor and Professorship theses.

Titanium alloys are widely used for many medical and technical applications. Sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) such as these belonging to Desulfovibrio desulfuricans species may cause corrosion of various metals including titanium and its alloys. These bacteria can form biofilm on the metal surface. Titanium and its alloys may be colonized by microorganisms including SRB and corrosion under their metabolic activity may occur. Up today, there are no satisfactory results of removal already developed mature biofilms. There is a need for research on the possibility to control biofilm formation on titanium. High surface energy connected with the alloy composition, negative charge and high surface roughness of titanium alloys may promote the adhesion of bacteria. In order to prevent biofilm formation, modifications to the titanium alloys composition and surface character must be carried out for elimination the effects of these properties. In this study, the influence of the titanium alloy type on the biofilm formation by D. desulfuricans bacteria has been studied. The biofilms formation by D. desulfuricans bacteria on grinded, electropolished and anodized surfaces of three titanium alloys: NiTi, Ti6Al4V and Ti6Al7Nb have been investigated during the metal samples immersion in various simulated physiological solutions (artificial saliva, artificial saliva under inflammatory conditions). Based on results of microscopic and biochemical investigations, the influence of the alloy type (with different chemical composition) on the biofilm formation by D. desulfuricans bacteria has been detected.

Tatiana Yakhno has completed her PhD (Pathological Physiology) in 1982 from Nizhny Novgorod Medical Institute and Postdoctoral studies from Institute of Applied Physics RAS. She was awarded the degree of Doctor of Science (Biophysics) in 2011 in Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics RAS. Now she is a Leading Scientist of the Department of Radio-Physical Methods in Medicine. She has published more than 90 papers, book chapters and one monograph

The last fifteen years we studied dynamics of self-organizing processes in sessile desiccated droplets of different complex fluids. This problem became very popular among researches all over the world at the moment. It is known that solvent evaporation increases the concentration of components which begin to form aggregates from nano- to submillimeter level. Non-uniform temperature distribution on the drop surface leads to appearance the flows dragging the aggregates to the drop’s edge. Then usually gelation of organic components and crystallization of mineral ones take place closer to the central zone. Thus solid-state centrosymmetrical spot arises. We developed sensor device+software system for registering and quantitative comparison the dynamics of bottom-up processes in drying drops using acoustical impedansometry. It was found that at the same environment this dynamics could be passport characteristics of the liquid. Every test requires one drop of liquid (3 µl) without any additional reagents and takes 15-20 min. So, it is possible to make rapid evaluation of correspondence of multicomponent liquids to their own standards. This approach has been tested for medical and veterinary diagnostics, quality control of drugs, dairy foods and beverages. Now we demonstrate how this technology can work in assessing the quality of wines. It was shown that every brand of wine has its own “dynamical portrait” which depends also on the grape sort and its place of growing. Some features of the “dynamical portraits” were detected which closely correlate with such factors as extract, ratio, reduced sugars, SO2, phenolic derivatives and organic acids. Further development of the technology is discussed.

Alicja Hryniszyn has obtained Master of Engineering from Silesian University of Technology (SUT), as a specialist in environmental biotechnology. Since 2011 until now she is a PhD student at the Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering in SUT. She has participated in courses involving application of the atomic force microscope as well as of the Raman spectrometer. She also participated in the research project “Investigation of the influence of biofilm of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans bacteria on implantation titanium alloys”, financed by the Polish National Science Center

Most surveys concerning problems of microbiologically induced corrosion in water pipelines have been carried out using hydrated samples of sediments. However, sometimes it may be necessary to use older, naturally dehydrated deposits to determine participation of biofilms in MIC. The possibility of using the self-dehydrated sediments for MIC investigation might eliminate problems associated with storing the samples. Some publications suggest that the corrosion mechanism and also type of bacteria which have participated in corrosion can be evaluated through the presence of specific crystalline phases among the corrosion products. The aim of this study was to determine the participation of microorganisms in corrosion of steel pipe which was previously used in drinking water distribution system. The qualitative and quantitative analyses of naturally dehydrated sediments sampled from the inside wall of pipe was performed using the X-ray diffraction method. Based on the presence of specific crystalline phases, the specific mechanisms of corrosion influenced by sulphate reducing bacteria and iron oxidizing bacteria may be taken into account as contributing to corrosion of tested steel pipe

\r\nHala Abdel Wahab has completed her PhD in 2006 from Paris-Sud University, France. She is an Assistant Professor since 2013 at Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo, Egypt and the Director of Molecular Diagnostic of Plant Diseases Lab. She has published & under published about 11 papers in local and reputed journals and has obtained a project fund as a Principal Investigator from Science and Technology Development Fund, Scientific Research Ministry. She had also registered two patents 2012 at patent office, Scientific Research Ministry.\r\n

Gray Mold is a serious constraint in strawberry production worldwide. Early detection of infected strawberry fruits before appearance of symptoms allows timely treatment. Two useful alternative systems, molecular analysis and remote sensing have been used for monitoring large plant samples at a single time point as the early diagnosis is otherwise not possible by visual observation alone. The current study demonstrated that both techniques: The real time PCR and spectroradiometer are reliable techniques for early diagnosis of gray mold in strawberry fruits under laboratory condition. However, the molecular method is very expensive for a routine use. Therefore, the long-term goal of this research is to develop a fast screening technique that can accurately detect and quantify Botrytis infections. The two comparative detection tests were evaluated to identify the Botrytis-infected samples from different infection levels of strawberry fruits. We found that v/near, swir1 and swir2 are the range significant to differentiate between healthy and infected strawberry fruits. Results of this study could suggest potential usage of laboratory remote sensing in monitoring gray mold in symptomless infected fruits. Thus it will be useful for assessing the quiescent infection before export.

Kinta Mohammed completed his Phd (Health Education) from University of Ilorin, Ilorin Nigeria. He is a lecturer, also is the chairman Research and Publication unit\r\nof Federal College of Education, Kontagora Niger State, Nigeria. He has published more 19 papers in reputable journals and has been the Chairman of editorial\r\nboard of Federal College of Education journal (NJRE).

Importance of nutritious food in the life of human cannot be over emphasized, as it is a predictor that fosters security in any\r\ncommunity which Nigeria is part of. Sesame has shown a cholesterol-lowering effect in human because of its high mineral\r\ncontent. The focus of this work is on Sodium azide : a chemical mutagen for enhancement of yield traits of sesame. The mutant\r\nplants produced by the treatment of sodium azide have improved yields, in comparison to normal plants. This investigation\r\nwas carried out to study the effect of Sodium Azide (SA) on two varieties of Sesame (Sesamumindicum) viz; Kenana-4\r\nand Ex-Sudan. Three hundred seeds of each variety were treated with Sodium azide at five different concentrations, 0.00%,\r\n0.02%, 0.04%, 0.06%, 0.08%. The chemically treated and the control seeds were grown to maturity. The parameters investigated\r\ninclude number of flowers per plant, number of capsules per plant, length of capsule, weight per capsule, number of seeds\r\nper capsule, percentage flowering and oil content. Thus Sodium azide have potential of creating genetic variability in sesame,\r\ncertain concentrations of Sodium azide (0.2% through 0.4% sodium azide concentration) have the potentiality of inducing\r\nvariability that could be used in the improvement of sesame. Therefore more work should be done on M2 and M3 of these\r\nmutant varieties. In addition communities should be encouraged through advocacy activities to make sesame part of their\r\nregular menu, considering its nutritional value.