9^th Biotechnology Congress September 01-02, 2015 Orlando,Florida, USA

Biography:

Roya Mafigholami has completed his PhD at the age of 35 years from Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch. She is an Assistant Professor and the group Head of Civil Engineering-Water and Wastewater Treatment of the University. She has published more than 10 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.

Abstract:

This study attempted to conduct a synthetic study on biological recovery of heavy metals from spent catalysts using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. This bacterium produces sulfuric acid and helps recovering metals at the same time. It is easily adapted to growing concentrations of heavy metals under optimized conditions (temperature 30° C, Ph 1.9, pulp density 120 μm, rotation speed 160). This study measured Ph, Eh, cellular mass, ferrous and ferric iron concentrations during bioleaching and also bacterium-mediated bioleached content from the spent catalyst. The results revealed that the higher concentrations of spent catalysts could act as a reproduction inhibitor and as a result lower the growth rate of the bacterium. For example, at 200 g/L, bacterium’s cell division occurred once in 8 days and the kinetics of growth was 0.093 per day. Bacteria’s population rose to 504×107 from the initial 1×107 and then fell to 3.6×107 following the death phase. Reaction rate of culture batch containing 200 mg/L Ni followed 2nd order rate (in the presence of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans) and the kinetics of reaction was the slope of the line (0.005). Also, reaction rate of culture batch containing 200 mg/L V followed 1st order rate (in the presence of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans) and the kinetics of reaction was the slope of the line (-0.086).

Biography:

Oluyemi O Awolusi is currently pursuing his PhD (Biotechnology) at the Institute for water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban. His research interest is in wastewater treatment where he focuses on ecophysiology of nitrifying community within wastewater treatment systems. He is a Member of Water Institute of Southern Africa and South African Society for Microbiology.

Abstract:

Nitrification is a critical step that depends on the physiology and function of nitrifying microbial diversity in the activated sludge treatment systems. Optimum and efficient nitrification hinges on a better understanding of the structure and dynamics of the nitrifying community structure within the wastewater treatment systems. Different molecular techniques have been successfully employed for characterizing the microbial structure of activated sludge but not without their inherent shortcoming of underestimation. In this study high throughput pyrosequencing was employed in profiling the ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in activated sludge treating municipal waste. PCR based phylogenetic analysis was also carried out. The average operating and environmental parameters as well as nitrification efficiency of the plant was monitored during the study. During the investigation the average temperature was 23±1.5o C. The dissolved oxygen level in the plant was constantly lower than the optimum (between 0.24 and 1.267 mg/l) during this study. The plant was treating wastewater with influent ammonia concentration of 31.69 and 24.47 mg/l. The influent flow rates (ML/Day) was 96.81 during period. The dominant nitrifiers include: Nitrosomonas spp. Nitrobacter spp. and Nitrospira spp. The diversity of AOB the nitrifiers involved with first rate limiting step of ammonia removal had correlation with nitrification efficiency and temperature. Pyrosequencing revealed more details in terms AOB diversity compared to the usual PCR-cloning as there was species that could only be revealed by pyrosequencing. This result demonstrated the underestimation of the AOB diversity based on the molecular techniques that have been relied upon. The findings of the current study have set the foundation for future research on using pyrosequencing to understand the diversity and role of uncultured AOB in wastewater treatment

Biography:

Fadhl Alakwaa is Professor of Biomedical Engineering at Faculty of Engineering of University Science and Technology (UST). He has been Executive Director of biomedical calibration laboratory since 2009. He received awards in teaching, innovation and researches. He is standard reviewer for high impact factor like Oxford Bioinformatics Journal and the International Journal of Bioinformatics Research and Applications. He is an active member of more than 20 international academic societies and journals. He has authored more than 30 papers and contributed in more than 5 books in the field of Bioinformatics

Abstract:

Dengue virus is a member of the virus family Flaviviridae and is transmitted to people through the bite of the mosquitos Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Each year, 100 million people become infected with dengue virus. In this paper we try to expand our understanding of how dengue virus causes illness and open new avenues for developing specific treatments for a disease that exacts a huge global burden. By construction of the gene regulatory network for human-host-virus we understand how these tiny viruses manage to live in two such unrelated organisms as mosquitoes and humans. Our long goal is to study the causes of infectious and immune-mediated diseases, and to develop better means of preventing, diagnosing and treating these illnesses. The complexity of health problems is required scientist collaboration from different field. Researchers from USA and Yemen will collaborate in this project to overcome this burden. This will promote experience transfer, training and discovery of new drug therapy. From the other hand, the variety of scientific infrastructure at both collaborators laboratory will increase the successes of the project objective. The final product of this project will be implemented as Cytoscape Java plug-in, so all the cytoscape features could be used by the final software

Biography:

Yue-Li Sun is a PhD candidate at Shanghai University of TCM. He has conducted two large-sized multi-center RCTs (Phase II & Phase IV) in China, two cohorts about cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) in Shanghai and a population pharmacokinetics in his Master’s career. After turning towards the mechanism, he is focused on the molecular and cellular biological research about fluid mechanics and population pharmacokinetics research. He has published more than 15 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

Background: With the greatly increased morbidity of neck pain, it brought a large challenge to some optimal therapies for various situations in population at a given time based on their demographic, physiological and pathological characteristics. Based on the YQHYTL formula, Qishe Pill (Shanghai Sundise Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd, China) has been developed and spread in use into clinical settings in 2009. As individualization has become the trend of modern medicine, a personalized medicine of Qishe Pill should be documented and practiced with various patients according to the ancient TCM system, a classification of personalized constitution type, which has been established to determine predisposition and prognosis to diseases as well as therapy and life-style administration. Objective: Therefore, we describe the population pharmacokinetic profile of Qishe Pill and compare its extent of metabolism in the 3 major constitution types (Qi-Deficiency, Yin-Deficiency and Blood-Stasis) to address major challenges of individualized and standardized Traditional Chinese Medicine into clinical practice. Methods: Healthy subject cohorts (N=108) with an emphasis on constitutional types are being established following a standardized pharmacokinetic protocol for the assessment of demographic, physiological, pathological information, laboratory biomarkers, and the collection of blood samples for the PK analysis and second-generation gene sequencing. In the single-dose administration stage, subjects in each constitutional type cohort (N=36) will be randomly divided into three groups with three different doses of Qishe Pill (3.75, 7.5 and 15 grams) relatively. Conclusion: Comparing with the general background population as characterized, a systematic population pharmacokinetic (Pop PK) model for Qishe Pill will be established and verified. Ethical research projects on informed consent procedures and reporting of incidental findings will be launched in parallel.

Biography:

Sheree J Finley is a PhD Student in Microbiology at Alabama State University. During her two year doctoral matriculation, she has published several review and research papers in scientific literature. She has expertise in microbial diversity of cadaver graves oil through a collaborative partnership with a “body farm” located at the Forensic Anthropology Center at Texas State (FACTS) outdoor Forensic Anthropology Research Facility (FARF). She was as an Oral Presenter and Demonstrator of DNA extraction techniques in an NSF grant-supported workshop titled "Hands-on Evaluation of the Thanatomicrobiome and Epinecrotic Communities" at the 2015 67th annual American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS).

Abstract:

The study of the postmortem microbial transformations in gravesoil has yet to be fully investigated across all steps during putrefaction. Currently, there is a need for advanced biotechnological approaches to analyze postmortem microbiology of the gravesoil from cadavers. Soil microbial studies have estimated that the number of species of bacteria per gram of soil is up to eight million depending on the soil type. The goal of the present study is to survey the microorganisms associated with cadaver gravesoil collected from the Forensic Anthropology Research Facility at Texas State University to identify predominant microbes present during the stages of decomposition. Using next-generation sequencing, microbial community composition was isolated and characterized and the microbial communities’ taxon richness was identified. The findings show that the taxa were variable and there was a decreasing trend in taxon richness, diversity and evenness over time for cadavers placed on the soil surface. The results also demonstrated that Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum in all of the cadaver soil samples. There is also a marked decrease in both acidotrophic bacteria (Acidobacteria) and edaphic verrucae (Verrucomicrobia) in the samples. These novel findings add to the notion that documenting and discovering differences in bacterial communities is crucial to advancing the knowledge of cadaver decomposition in soil. Presently, results of a metagenomic approach of this kind remain unreported and have applicability towards advancing forensic investigations and studies.

Biography:

Asokan C has completed his PhD from University of Madras and Post-doctoral studies from Columbia University, USA. He is the Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Sokoto State University, Nigeria. He has published more than 36 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute.

Abstract:

Biopolymer membrane was prepared by using oppositely charged natural biopolymer as a polymer beads. The biopolymer membrane was used for the encapsulation of three hybridoma cell lines to produce monoclonal antibodies. The morphologies of beads and cells growing were observed in inverted microscope. Cell viability was measured by trypan blue dye exclusion method using a haemocytometer. Theincreased secretion of monoclonal antibody is confirmed by the antibody by titre analysis and protein estimation. These results indicate the effectiveness of encapsulation for hybridoma cell culture. The present study concludes that the yield of diagnostic antibodies is maximized by the encapsulation method.

Biography:

Layam Anitha has completed her PhD from Sri Padmavathi Mahila Women’s University and has post graduate teaching and research experience. She has published several research articles in reputed journals in food science and nutrition areas. To her credit, she has a patent for product development. Currently, she is working as Associate Professor in Princess Noura University, Riyadh, KSA.

Abstract:

The yield of agricultural crops depends on balanced nutrition. Micro elements distribution within plants influences the growth and development of plant. The trace element zinc is directly involved in hormone regulation and pigment synthesis in plants. The influence of various concentrations of zinc uptake by plants has been studied by many researchers. Zinc deficiency in food crops is wide spread and almost 50% of productive agricultural soils are deficient in zinc. About 50% of world human population is also zinc deficient. Several types of zinc fertilizers are available in the form of chelated zinc that is relatively mobile in the soil. The inorganic fertilizers like zinc oxides, sulphate and nitrates are widely used but are highly expensive. The low cost bio-fertilizers had shown good effects in increasing the zinc concentration in soil and crops. It has been suggested that the integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizers hugely benefits the sustainable agriculture in the form of obtaining great yields and good quality grains. To enhance the zinc levels in the foods bio-fortification is the best approach. Enrichment of zinc in seeds of wheat, pulses and vegetables are helpful in meeting the zinc requirement. Bio-fortification is done through effective fertilization and selection of crops that have potential to efficient absorption of zinc from soil and ability to translocate the zinc to various plant parts. In the present study, the zinc levels were found to be increased after supplementation of Spirulina in different combinations and experimental setups. The NIN standard values of zinc in Amaranthus were 0.18 mg/100 g, which were increased after experiment in Spirulina + chemical fertilizer combination in 75: 25 proportions (6.9 mg/100 g). The NIN standard values for green gram are 3 mg/100 g which were increased further after the field experiment in Spirulina + organic manure treatment in 50: 50 proportions the value (5.4 mg/100 g). The NIN standard zinc values for tomato are 0.41 mg/100 g and this has been much increased after the field experiment in Spirulina two hours soaking method (0.52 mg/100 g). Further studies have to be carried out at molecular level to establish the zinc transport mechanism and bio availability with the positive results from present study.

Biography:

Hala Abdel Wahab has completed her PhD in 2006 from Paris-Sud University, France. She is an Assistant Professor since 2013 at Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo, Egypt and the Director of Molecular Diagnostic of Plant Diseases Lab. She has published & under published about 11 papers in local and reputed journals and has obtained a project fund as a Principal Investigator from Science and Technology Development Fund, Scientific Research Ministry. She had also registered two patents 2012 at patent office, Scientific Research Ministry

Abstract:

Gray Mold is a serious constraint in strawberry production worldwide. Early detection of infected strawberry fruits before appearance of symptoms allows timely treatment. Two useful alternative systems, molecular analysis and remote sensing have been used for monitoring large plant samples at a single time point as the early diagnosis is otherwise not possible by visual observation alone. The current study demonstrated that both techniques: The real time PCR and spectroradiometer are reliable techniques for early diagnosis of gray mold in strawberry fruits under laboratory condition. However, the molecular method is very expensive for a routine use. Therefore, the long-term goal of this research is to develop a fast screening technique that can accurately detect and quantify Botrytis infections. The two comparative detection tests were evaluated to identify the Botrytis-infected samples from different infection levels of strawberry fruits. We found that v/near, swir1 and swir2 are the range significant to differentiate between healthy and infected strawberry fruits. Results of this study could suggest potential usage of laboratory remote sensing in monitoring gray mold in symptomless infected fruits. Thus it will be useful for assessing the quiescent infection before export

Biography:

Hassan Awad Ahmed Mohamed is a PhD student at Saratov State University, Russian Federation. He is working as an Assistant Lecturer, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Egypt. He has attended many international conferences

Abstract:

Filamentous fungi in the Aspergillus tubingensis (strain AN103) is a black Aspergillus belonging to the Aspergillus section Nigri represent some of the most widespread food, fruits and feed contaminants known but they are also some of the most important workhorses used by the biotechnological industry, study strain was isolated from Golden delicious apple fields at Volga region, Saratov city, Russia. Black Aspergilli were found in 19 of 28 different apple stem samples ranging from 10 to 45colonies forming units per 10cm stem surface. This species morphologically resemblesAspergillus niger. Among the secreted extract components, six dimeric naphtho-g-pyrones, named Fonsecin, Pyranopyrrol A, Rubrofusarin B, Citreonigrin E, Cyclopenol and a New Asperazine Derivate were isolated from apple associated endophytic fungus Aspergillus tubingensis (AN103) cultivated in solid rice medium. The fungal isolate (AN103) was morphologically characterized by performing cotton blue staining and Molecular characterization performed by ITS1, 4 rRNA gene sequence analysis and it was confirmed as Aspergillus tubingensis. Fungal metabolites and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including HPLC, LC-MS- and 1H-NMR

Biography:

Yati Vaidya has completed her MSc Integrated Biotechnology (specialization in General Biotechnology) from Ashok and Rita Patel Institute of Integrated Study and Research in Biotechnology and Allied Sciences, Anand, Gujarat, India. During Master’s her dissertation topic was “Isolation and characterization of probiotic bacteria from human milk”. Presently, she is pursuing PhD in Genetics under the guidance of Dr. Anju Kunjadia (Associate Professor in Biotechnology) on “Exploring the microbiota from human milk”. In her PhD studies she is trying to explore the microbes present in the healthy human milk using both culture dependent and independent technique.

Abstract:

Breast milk is considered as an essential component in metabolic and immunologic activity of neonate’s health. Mothers transfer the breast milk microbiota to their infants to impact infant growth and development. Breast milk provides an optimal nutrition for infants and reduces their risk of infectious diseases. As many as 60% of organisms detected using molecular techniques will not grow in standard bacterial culture media. So the aim of the present study is to use the metagenomic approach to explore bacterial diversity by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of 16 healthy human milk samples. The data were analyzed in MG-RAST using best hit approach with 80% identity. Out of which 93% of the total reads were allotted to bacteria. Detection using molecular techniques has broadened our understanding of microbiota about 14% of sequences cannot be classified suggesting an expansive microbial world. However 87% sequences are predominantly aligned with the phyla Proteobacteria followed by Firmicutes. Genus like Pseudomonas (11.94%), Bacillus (5.81%), Pantoea (4.24%), Escherichia (3.88%), Serratia (3.74%), Staphylococcus (2.46%), Enterococcus (0.19%), Lysinibacillus (0.12%), Erwinia (0.10%), Brevibacillus (0.02%), Paenibacillus (0.02%), Lactobacillus (0.02%), Anoxybacillus (0.01%), Brevundimonas (0.01%) and Yersinia (0.01%) were predominated. Our results indicate that breast milk has a dynamic microbial ecology with a microbiota composed of skin and enteric-associated bacteria and pathogens. With improved understanding of the impact of breast milk microbiota, it may be possible to manipulate these microbial communities to improve the health and development of mothers and their neonates

Biography:

Ayoub A Bazzaz has completed his PhD from Nottingham University, UK and continued Post-doctoral research works at Leeds, Liverpool in UK and Cardiff Universities in South Wales. He was the Head of Anatomy Department at Medical School of Tikrit University, Iraq. Since then he has been working as an academic and researcher and has supervised and refereed many PhD and MSc students in Iraq, KSA, Libya and UK. He has published over 50 scientific papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

Using biochemical and histological measurements the current study involved the assessment of curing potency of the natural honey against the toxic effects of doxorubicin on kidney of mice. A total of 106 healthy male Albino mice Mus musculus strain weighing 37±3 gm were used. Experimental mice were intra-peritoneal injected a Dose of Doxorubicin (DOX) of 4 mg/Kg/week for seven weeks while the treated groups (DOX + honey) were fed on the pure natural honey, on daily basis. The toxic effects of DOX on renal tissue involved loss of weight, destruction of kidney structures, blood congestion, accumulation of inflammatory cells and atrophied glomeruli, detachment of the cellular lining of the renal tubules. In addition, cellular disintegration in renal tissues i.e. necrosis, fibrosis and vacuulation were comparable to those of control. Daily ingestion of natural honey for 7 weeks has led to significant (p≤0.01-0.001) improvement of these symptoms which represented as an increase in body weight in comparison with control animals while renal tissues showed general cellular integrity in normal renal capsules, glomeruli, Bowman's capsules and convoluted tubules. It is concluded that the ingestion of natural honey has a protective potency against the toxic effects of DOX in kidney tissues.

Biography:

Xianyong Ma received his PhD degree with honors from Central South University in P. R. China, and finished his Post-doctoral studies from Yale University. At present, as a Research Scientist he is working on the mechanism of Human Endometrial Carcinogenesis at Molecular Level in Yale Medical School. He has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals, two book chapters regarding micro-array chips and molecular carcinogenesis, and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of two reputed journals. He is a Founding Member of Epigeno-max Company for development of new treatment strategy of cancers and cardiologic diseases.

Abstract:

Human Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma (ESS) represents a very rare gynecological malignant tumor that originates from endometrial stromal cells. Tumorigenesis of ESS can originate from abnormal hormone estrogen level/bleeding, and possible from the chemical insult, radiation and viral infection, as well as genetic predispositions. Recently findings indicate that this type of tumor is highly associated with chromosomal translocation including t (6; 10) (p21; p11) (very rare), t (6; 7) (p21; p15) (25%) and t (7; 17) (p15; q21) (>50%). These translocations result in production of the fusion proteins of EPC-PHF1, JAZF1-PHF1 and JAZF1-SUZ12 respectively. Very interestingly both of PHF1 and SUZ12 are the poly-comb proteins that involve in poly-comb repressive complex 2/3 (PRC2/3), which is one of the most critical complexes for chromatin compaction and gene inactivation. In this study, we established the HESC cell lines that stably express fusion protein JAZF1-SUZ12, wild type JAZF1 and SUZ12 respectively, carried out the proliferation assay for these cells. The cell line with over expression of fusion protein has significant higher proliferation rate in comparison with the cell line over expressed SUZ12 (P=0.01<0.05), and shows the features of de-differentiation. Next, we globally detected the gene expression patterns for these cell lines together with ESS samples from Yale New-Haven hospital by using micro-array technique. We identified there were 12,817 genes (in total 47323 genes) with same expression behavior among HESC/JAZF1-SUZ12, ESS tumor 1# and ESS tumor 2#. 156 genes with known function are significantly up-regulated (>2 fold) and 15 genes are significantly down-regulated (>2 fold) only in these three samples. These data were further confirmed by qRT-PCR. Analysis of the 156 up-regulated gene indicates there are 9 signaling pathways which are activated and 8 are significant; both P and Benjamini values <0.05 including WNT and cancer signaling pathways. The WNT1, WNT3a, WNT7b, WNT11 and APC2, which are highly up regulated, are involved in both signaling pathway. CHIP analysis shows these four WNT genes are the down stream targets of PRC2-SUZ12, therefore we reasonably detected the tri-methylation level of histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27Me3) by CHIP assay using anti-H3K27Me3 antibody. Our study shows the fusion protein is significantly decreased the H3K27Me3 level on the promoter region of these target genes (compare with wild type SUZ12). In summary, we confirmed fusion protein of JAZF1-SUZ12 causes the WNT signaling activation via decreasing the H3K27Me3 level on target promoter regions in ESS tumorigenesis. A numbers of small molecule inhibitors of WNT members and RNA interference technique are being used to confirm if inactivating the highly activated WNT signaling pathway can reverse the proliferation ability and stop de-differentiation process of HESC/JAZF1-SUZ12 cells and primary ESS tumor cells.

Biography:

Y L Gong has completed his PhD in Gastroenterology from 2nd Military Medical University of Shanghai. Currently, he is working as Professor in the Department of Oncology, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, China. He has published more than 40 scientific papers in various national and international journals and a reviewer for reputed journals. Apart from medical oncology, his area of interest is in Chinese traditional medicine therapy of cancer.

Abstract:

The main objective is to observe the curative effect of Chinese herbal Decoction of Runfei combined with hormone and antibiotic in treating Radiation Pneumonia (RP) of esophageal carcinoma. A 56-year-old male underwent surgery for cancer of the upper esophagus (T3N2M0) in September 2014; following post-surgery adjuvant radiotherapy of the three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy which were administered. Two months later, severe pneumonia has been found by Chest X-ray and CT imaging, he received the treatment of hormone and antibiotic. In the mean-time, we administered Chinese herbal medicine, Fei Decoction, mixed with a variety of effective herbal components to help him to recover from the poor condition. After taking the Chinese herbs for 2 weeks, the diffuse patchy shadows and ground glass appearance on Chest X-ray dramatically decreased, with the result to the normal range, and the patient felt free from the complaint of pulmonary and cardiac discomfort. The quality of life has been greatly improved. Thus, we managed to have prolonged the PFS (Progression-Free-Survival) and TTP (Time-to-Progression) from the onset to date. In the course of this combined treatment, we showed that Chinese herbal medicine plays an important role in the therapy of esophageal carcinoma. Chinese herbs might be an additional choice with its better benefits and tolerability in the treatment of Radiation Pneumonia (RP) of esophageal carcinoma.

Biography:

Min Yang is an Associate Professor of Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University. She received the PhD degree in Peking University in 2007. She is currently a Senior Visiting Scholar in the School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh. She has published thirteen scientific papers in journals including Cell Death & Differentiation, Cell Death & Disease, Cell reports, ATVB and Molecular Cancer. Her projects have been continually supported by National or Beijing Science Foundation of China since 2010. She is a Reviewer of Cardiovascular Toxicology, Cardiovascular Therapeutics and Wound Repair and Regeneration. She is interested in identifying mechanisms of macrophage polarization in tumor microenvironment.

Abstract:

Tumor metastasis is affected by dynamic changes in the specific phenotypes of macrophage subpopulations; however, the mechanisms by which tumor cell modulates macrophage polarization remain unclear. Here, we investigated the molecular basis and signaling pathways between tumor cells and macrophage polarization and explored the underlying mechanism how to regulate cancer metastasis. We reported CARD9, a central adaptor protein of innate immune responses, which can contribute to tumor metastasis, associated with poor cancer prognosis via induction of metastasis-associated macrophages. Tumor cell secreted VEGF facilitates activation of the Syk signaling pathway in macrophages, leading to induction of the assembly of the CARD9–BCL10–MALT1 complex, following to activation of NF-kB pathway that mediated metastasis-associated macrophage polarization. Moreover, autophagic activity is a critical factor in tumor development that enhances cellular fitness and survival in the hostile tumor microenvironment. We demonstrated that Cat S-mediated autophagic flux is an important mechanism for inducing M2-type polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which leads to tumor development. Furthermore, efficient clearance of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) can profoundly influence tumor-specific immunity. Our results suggest a novel mechanism by which ICAM-1 in the tumor microenvironment, via restraining efferocytosis of apoptotic tumor cells, can block M2 macrophage polarization through regulation of PI3K/AKT activation, which leads to prevention of tumor metastasis. Together with experimental and clinical findings, we propose a strategy to selectively target macrophage polarization in combination with the adaptor molecule of innate immune responses, autophagy, or efferocytosis, the novel approaches that could have significant therapeutic potential for cancer metastasis.

Biography:

Ilana Nathan has completed her PhD at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel. Visiting Scientist at NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD. Professor, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva. Israel. Head of the Hematology Research Laboratory, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva. Israel. Served as a consultant of biotechnology companies. Delegate of Israel in the Biomedicine and Molecular Sciences domain in the European Organization for Cooperation in the field of Scientific and Technical Research. Published over 90 papers and has 12 patents.

Abstract:

Necrotic cell death leads to severe tissue damage in many clinical conditions. The molecular mechanisms underlying necrosis are poorly elucidated, and no drugs are available for its treatment or prevention. We identified key steps in the molecular pathway of necrosis. Necrosis induced in vitro by various reagents caused an early significant increase in intracellular proteolytic activity. We demonstrated selective inhibition of the necrotic process by specific protease inhibitors both in vitro and in vivo. The results indicate that activation of a protease pathway plays a regulatory key role in necrosis. We identified an additional approach for treatment of necrosis. Humanin (HN) is a 24-residue peptide known for its protective effect against Alzheimer’s disease related apoptosis. Recently, peripheral effects of humanin were observed. We have shown that HN derivatives have a protective effect against necrosis. Among the HN derivatives tested, HN17 was the most active against necrosis. HN peptides also induced an elevation of cellular ATP levels in cells challenged with necrosis. Most importantly, we have shown that the anti-necrotic effects of the HN derivatives were enhanced synergistically by combination with anti necrotic or pro-survival agents. Thus, the new strategies may serve as basis for the development of drug therapies for necrosis related diseases, e.g. traumatic brain injury, stroke, myocardial infarction and other conditions for which no efficient drug based treatment is currently available.

Biography:

Satoshi Koikeda has completed his PhD at 1990 from Kanazawa University in Japan and joined Amano Enzyme Inc. He is a general manager in frontier research department of Amano Enzyme Inc. He is interested in novel enzyme technology and enzyme application

Abstract:

The role of gut microbiota to influence human physiology, metabolism, nutrition and immune function has been highlighted. Gut microbiota is a community of microorganisms inhabiting in gastrointestinal tract and is thought to change in response to nutritional and physical condition. Nowadays, development of novel prebiotic and probiotic to keep gut microbiota at good balance is paid attention to prevent and treat chronic diseases. We are investigating prebiotic enzyme named transglucosidase (TGD). TGD is an enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of the prebiotics isomaltooligosaccharides from maltose. The randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of TGD was conducted. Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2MD) were randomized to TGD orally 300 or 900 mg per day for 12 weeks. Blood and fecal samples were collected before and after 12 weeks. At 12 weeks, TGD 300 mg/day and TGD 900 mg/day significantly reduced HbA1c (0.18 and 0.21%) and insulin concentration (19.4 and 25.0 pmol/l), respectively, vs. placebo. In the placebo and TGD groups, the bacterial communities were generally similar before and after the treatment. However, after 12 weeks of TGD therapy, the Bacteroidetes-to-Firmicutes ratio in the TGD groups significantly increased and was significantly higher compared with that in the placebo group, indicating that TGD improved the growth of the fecal bacterial communities in the T2DM patients. Therefore, TGD treatment decreased blood glucose levels and prevented body weight gain in the T2DM patients by inducing the production of oligosaccharides in the alimentary tract and modulating gut microbiota composition.

Biography:

Junko Nishimura graduated from Obihiro University of Agricultural and Veterinary Medicine. Upon entering the Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, she worked as a technical expert. She studied the function of dairy lactic acid bacteria in the Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry, especially exopolysaccharide and bacteriocin of the Lactobacillus genus. She completed her PhD in the study of exopolysaccharide produced from Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus in 2013 and is currently an Associate Professor at the Hachinohe Institute of Technology. Recently, she has also studied contributions to the environment by utilizing effective microorganisms.

Abstract:

Strains producing exocellular polysaccharide (EPS) exist in daily lactic acid bacteria. Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus, both of which contain EPS producing strains, are generally used for fermented milk manufacture. They are widely used to improve texture and prevent synthesis in fermented dairy products. The physiological functions of EPS, such as reducing the cholesterol concentration in the blood as well as decreasing infectivity against influenza, have also been demonstrated. We investigated the relationship between the chemical structure and physiological functions of EPS on L. bulgaricus OLL 1073R-1. In our previous studies, it was found that this EPS constituted two kinds of polysaccharides, i.e., neutral polysaccharide (NPS) and acidic polysaccharide (APS), both of which had the same carbohydrate structure, but different phosphorus contents. APS induced B-cell mitogenic activity on murine lymphocytes, though NPS did not show it. In addition, APS was able to augment the cyto-toxicity and the gene expression of several cytokines in macrophages. Based on these results, it is believed that the phosphorus group in EPS is important for modulating the immune response. Biosynthesis, phosphorylation and the linkage of the phosphate group of NPS and APS from L. bulgaricus OLL1073R-1 are still unknown. Especially, the phosphorylation of bacterial EPS is rare. EPS production of L. bulgaricus had been obtained by the horizontal transmission of EPS gene in S. thermophilus; however, there is no report of EPS containing phosphorus in S. thermophilus. We are planning to further examine these details in the future.

Biography:

Azim Charoosaee is a faculty member in Physical Education at Islamic Azad University, Khouzestan Province, Iran. He taught for more than 20 years at University and Schools about physical education. His areas of interest are sports and physical education.

Abstract:

Physical education is the interdisciplinary study of physical activity, human movement and athletic performance. This course explores many aspects of anatomy and physiology, exercise physiology, sports injuries, rehabilitation, nutrition, psychology, biomechanics and socio cultural issues within sport and physical education. Diet can help combat depression and improve your mood. Depression саn be an offset or еvеn eliminated when the diet consists of nutritional and healthy foods. Indeed, сеrtаіn foods are not good for уоu physically but thеу аlѕо enhance уоur mental and emotional states аѕ well. There are many саuѕеѕ of depression and if уоu feel that depression іѕ а problem уоu ѕhоuld consult а licensed medical professional to get proper medical advice. This paper resulted in an annual research project will show that correct sport and true diet which will be very useful to a person health and they, altogether helps the man will be ready to do social activities better and even he/ she could be an athlete so, if he/she wants and follows it as a purpose.

Biography:

Fadhl Alakwaa is Professor of Biomedical Engineering at Faculty of Engineering of University Science and Technology (UST). He has been Executive Director of biomedical calibration laboratory since 2009. He received awards in teaching, innovation and researches. He is standard reviewer for high impact factor like Oxford Bioinformatics Journal and the International Journal of Bioinformatics Research and Applications. He is an active member of more than 20 international academic societies and journals. He has authored more than 30 papers and contributed in more than 5 books in the field of Bioinformatics.

Abstract:

Dengue virus is a member of the virus family Flaviviridae and is transmitted to people through the bite of the mosquitos Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Each year, 100 million people become infected with dengue virus. In this paper we try to expand our understanding of how dengue virus causes illness and open new avenues for developing specific treatments for a disease that exacts a huge global burden. By construction of the gene regulatory network for human-host-virus we understand how these tiny viruses manage to live in two such unrelated organisms as mosquitoes and humans. Our long goal is to study the causes of infectious and immune-mediated diseases, and to develop better means of preventing, diagnosing and treating these illnesses. The complexity of health problems is required scientist collaboration from different field. Researchers from USA and Yemen will collaborate in this project to overcome this burden. This will promote experience transfer, training and discovery of new drug therapy. From the other hand, the variety of scientific infrastructure at both collaborators laboratory will increase the successes of the project objective. The final product of this project will be implemented as Cytoscape Java plug-in, so all the cytoscape features could be used by the final software.

Biography:

Apurba Dey has completed his PhD at the age of 36 years from Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India and Postdoctoral Studies from University of Malaya, Malaysia. Presently he is working as Professor, Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, West Bengal, India, a premier Institute of National Importance under MHRD, Government of India. He has published more than 36 papers in reputed journals and 4 book chapters. He has more than 20 years of Teaching and Research experience and 2 years Industrial experience.

Abstract:

Development of nano crystalline biomaterials for tissue engineering and biomedical application using different chemical routes and different bio sources has been widely studied in recent years. The objective of this study is to synthesize hydroxyapatite (HAp) biomaterials from fish wastes like fish scale, bones, fins and its comparison with commercial nano HAp powders. Fish scales and bones are chemically treated to wash external protein layers and preserve in dry place. Fish fins are mostly composed of collagen and remaining HAp minerals. After removing collagens, fish wastes are thermally treated to obtain HAp biomaterial. The obtained HAp flakes are milled for about 40-50 hours and comparative characterization studies were performed. Fish waste derived and commercial nano HAp powders are characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermo gravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA), size distribution measurement, electron microscopy and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The particle size distribution and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the particle sizes are in the range of 500 nm to 2 µm. Thermal decomposition of fish wastes result in decomposition of organic matters and entrapped water followed by chemical conversion which ultimately forms HAp. Comparative studies of commercial nano HAp and fish waste derived HAp shows significant similarities. This method could be reported as having high reproducibility and conversion of waste materials to biomaterials in an easy, cost effective and eco friendly manner for HAp production.

Biography:

Yue-Li Sun is a PhD candidate at Shanghai University of TCM. He has conducted two large-sized multi-center RCTs (Phase II & Phase IV) in China, two cohorts about cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) in Shanghai and a population pharmacokinetics in his Master’s career. After turning towards the mechanism, he is focused on the molecular and cellular biological research about fluid mechanics and population pharmacokinetics research. He has published more than 15 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

Background: With the greatly increased morbidity of neck pain, it brought a large challenge to some optimal therapies for various situations in population at a given time based on their demographic, physiological and pathological characteristics. Based on the YQHYTL formula, Qishe Pill (Shanghai Sundise Traditional Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd, China) has been developed and spread in use into clinical settings in 2009. As individualization has become the trend of modern medicine, a personalized medicine of Qishe Pill should be documented and practiced with various patients according to the ancient TCM system, a classification of personalized constitution type, which has been established to determine predisposition and prognosis to diseases as well as therapy and life-style administration. Objective: Therefore, we describe the population pharmacokinetic profile of Qishe Pill and compare its extent of metabolism in the 3 major constitution types (Qi-Deficiency, Yin-Deficiency and Blood-Stasis) to address major challenges of individualized and standardized Traditional Chinese Medicine into clinical practice. Methods: Healthy subject cohorts (N=108) with an emphasis on constitutional types are being established following a standardized pharmacokinetic protocol for the assessment of demographic, physiological, pathological information, laboratory biomarkers, and the collection of blood samples for the PK analysis and second-generation gene sequencing. In the single-dose administration stage, subjects in each constitutional type cohort (N=36) will be randomly divided into three groups with three different doses of Qishe Pill (3.75, 7.5 and 15 grams) relatively. Conclusion: Comparing with the general background population as characterized, a systematic population pharmacokinetic (Pop PK) model for Qishe Pill will be established and verified. Ethical research projects on informed consent procedures and reporting of incidental findings will be launched in parallel.

Biography:

Layam Anitha has completed her PhD from Sri Padmavathi Mahila Women’s University and has post graduate teaching and research experience. She has published several research articles in reputed journals in food science and nutrition areas. To her credit, she has a patent for product development. Currently, she is working as Associate Professor in Princess Noura University, Riyadh, KSA.

Abstract:

The yield of agricultural crops depends on balanced nutrition. Micro elements distribution within plants influences the growth and development of plant. The trace element zinc is directly involved in hormone regulation and pigment synthesis in plants. The influence of various concentrations of zinc uptake by plants has been studied by many researchers. Zinc deficiency in food crops is wide spread and almost 50% of productive agricultural soils are deficient in zinc. About 50% of world human population is also zinc deficient. Several types of zinc fertilizers are available in the form of chelated zinc that is relatively mobile in the soil. The inorganic fertilizers like zinc oxides, sulphate and nitrates are widely used but are highly expensive. The low cost bio-fertilizers had shown good effects in increasing the zinc concentration in soil and crops. It has been suggested that the integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizers hugely benefits the sustainable agriculture in the form of obtaining great yields and good quality grains. To enhance the zinc levels in the foods bio-fortification is the best approach. Enrichment of zinc in seeds of wheat, pulses and vegetables are helpful in meeting the zinc requirement. Bio-fortification is done through effective fertilization and selection of crops that have potential to efficient absorption of zinc from soil and ability to translocate the zinc to various plant parts. In the present study, the zinc levels were found to be increased after supplementation of Spirulina in different combinations and experimental setups. The NIN standard values of zinc in Amaranthus were 0.18 mg/100 g, which were increased after experiment in Spirulina + chemical fertilizer combination in 75: 25 proportions (6.9 mg/100 g). The NIN standard values for green gram are 3 mg/100 g which were increased further after the field experiment in Spirulina + organic manure treatment in 50: 50 proportions the value (5.4 mg/100 g). The NIN standard zinc values for tomato are 0.41 mg/100 g and this has been much increased after the field experiment in Spirulina two hours soaking method (0.52 mg/100 g). Further studies have to be carried out at molecular level to establish the zinc transport mechanism and bioavailability with the positive results from present study.

Biography:

Sheree J Finley is a PhD Student in Microbiology at Alabama State University. During her two year doctoral matriculation, she has published several review and research papers in scientific literature. She has expertise in microbial diversity of cadaver gravesoil through a collaborative partnership with a “body farm” located at the Forensic Anthropology Center at Texas State (FACTS) outdoor Forensic Anthropology Research Facility (FARF). She was as an Oral Presenter and Demonstrator of DNA extraction techniques in an NSF grant-supported workshop titled "Hands-on Evaluation of the Thanatomicrobiome and Epinecrotic Communities" at the 2015 67th annual American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS).

Abstract:

The study of the postmortem microbial transformations in gravesoil has yet to be fully investigated across all steps during putrefaction. Currently, there is a need for advanced biotechnological approaches to analyze postmortem microbiology of the gravesoil from cadavers. Soil microbial studies have estimated that the number of species of bacteria per gram of soil is up to eight million depending on the soil type. The goal of the present study is to survey the microorganisms associated with cadaver gravesoil collected from the Forensic Anthropology Research Facility at Texas State University to identify predominant microbes present during the stages of decomposition. Using next-generation sequencing, microbial community composition was isolated and characterized and the microbial communities’ taxon richness was identified. The findings show that the taxa were variable and there was a decreasing trend in taxon richness, diversity and evenness over time for cadavers placed on the soil surface. The also results demonstrated that Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum in all of the cadaver soil samples. There is also a marked decrease in both acidotrophic bacteria (Acidobacteria) and edaphic verrucae (Verrucomicrobia) in the samples. These novel findings add to the notion that documenting and discovering differences in bacterial communities is crucial to advancing the knowledge of cadaver decomposition in soil. Presently, results of a metagenomic approach of this kind remain unreported and have applicability towards advancing forensic investigations and studies.

Biography:

Hassan Awad Ahmed Mohamed is a PhD student at the age of 30 years from Saratov State University, Russian Federation. He is Assistant Lecturer, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Egypt. He is very active person and likes to take responsibility and to work as part of a team and the interaction during the study is very enriching. Also he is already published and attended international conference.

Abstract:

Filamentous fungi in the Aspergillus tubingensis (strain AN103) is a black Aspergillus belonging to the Aspergillus section Nigri represent some of the most widespread food, fruits and feed contaminants known but they are also some of the most important workhorses used by the biotechnological industry, study strain was isolated from Golden delicious apple fields at Volga region, Saratov city, Russia. Black Aspergilli were found in 19 of 28 different apple stem samples ranging from 10 to 45 colonies forming units per 10 cm stem surface. This species morphologically resembles Aspergillus niger. Among the secreted extract components, six dimeric naphtho-g-pyrones, named Fonsecin, Pyranopyrrol A, Rubrofusarin B, Citreonigrin E, Cyclopenol and a New Asperazine Derivate were isolated from apple associated endophytic fungus Aspergillus tubingensis (AN103) cultivated in solid rice medium. The fungal isolate (AN103) was morphologically characterized by performing cotton blue staining and Molecular characterization performed by ITS1, 4 rRNA gene sequence analysis and it was confirmed as Aspergillus tubingensis. Fungal metabolites and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including HPLC, LC-MS- and 1H-NMR.

Biography:

Yati Vaidya has completed her MSc Integrated Biotechnology (specialization in General Biotechnology) from Ashok and Rita Patel Institute of Integrated Study and Research in Biotechnology and Allied Sciences, Anand, Gujarat, India. During masters her dissertation topic was “Isolation and characterization of probiotic bacteria from human milk”. Presently, she is pursuing PhD in Genetics under the guidance of Dr Anju Kunjadia (Associate Professor in Biotechnology) on “Exploring the microbiota from human milk”. In her PhD studies she is trying to explore the microbes present in the healthy human milk using both culture dependent and independent technique.

Abstract:

Breast milk is considered as an essential component in metabolic and immunologic activity of neonate’s health. Mothers transfer the breast milk microbiota to their infants to impact infant growth and development. Breast milk provides an optimal nutrition for infants and reduces their risk of infectious diseases. As many as 60% of organisms detected using molecular techniques will not grow in standard bacterial culture media. So the aim of the present study is to use the metagenomic approach to explore bacterial diversity by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of 16 healthy human milk samples. The data were analyzed in MG-RAST using best hit approach with 80% identity. Out of which 93% of the total reads were allotted to bacteria. Detection using molecular techniques has broadened our understanding of microbiota, about 14% of sequences cannot be classified suggesting an expansive microbial world. However 87% sequences are predominantly aligned with the phyla Proteobacteria followed by Firmicutes. Genus like Pseudomonas (11.94%), Bacillus (5.81%), Pantoea (4.24%), Escherichia (3.88%), Serratia (3.74%), Staphylococcus (2.46%), Enterococcus (0.19%), Lysinibacillus (0.12%), Erwinia (0.10%), Brevibacillus (0.02%), Paenibacillus (0.02%), Lactobacillus (0.02%), Anoxybacillus (0.01%), Brevundimonas (0.01%) and Yersinia (0.01%) were predominated. Our results indicate that breast milk has a dynamic microbial ecology with a microbiota composed of skin and enteric-associated bacteria and pathogens. With improved understanding of the impact of breast milk microbiota, it may be possible to manipulate these microbial communities to improve the health and development of mothers and their neonates.

Biography:

Xianyong Ma received his PhD degree with honors from Central South University in P R China, and finished his Post-doctoral studies from Yale University. Now, as a Research Scientist he is working on the mechanism of Human Endometrial Carcinogenesis at Molecular Level in Yale Medical School. He has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals, two book chapters regarding micro-array chips and molecular carcinogenesis, and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of two reputed journals. He is a Founding Member of Epigeno-max Company for development of new treatment strategy of cancers and cardiologic diseases

Abstract:

Human Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma (ESS) represents a very rare gynecological malignant tumor that originates from endometrial stromal cells. Tumorigenesis of ESS can originate from abnormal hormone estrogen level/bleeding, and possible from the chemical insult, radiation and viral infection, as well as genetic predispositions. Recently findings indicate that this type of tumor is highly associated with chromosomal translocation including t (6; 10) (p21; p11) (very rare), t (6; 7) (p21; p15) (25%) and t (7; 17) (p15; q21) (>50%). These translocations result in production of the fusion proteins of EPC-PHF1, JAZF1-PHF1 and JAZF1-SUZ12 respectively. Very interestingly both of PHF1 and SUZ12 are the poly-comb proteins that involve in poly-comb repressive complex 2/3 (PRC2/3), which is one of the most critical complexes for chromatin compaction and gene inactivation. In this study, we established the HESC cell lines that stably express fusion protein JAZF1-SUZ12, wild type JAZF1 and SUZ12 respectively, carried out the proliferation assay for these cells. The cell line with over expression of fusion protein has significant higher proliferation rate comparison with the cell line over expressed SUZ12 (P=0.01<0.05), and shows the features of de-differentiation. Next, we globally detected the gene expression patterns for these cell lines together with ESS samples from Yale New-Haven hospital by using micro-array technique. We identified there were 12,817 genes (in total 47323 genes) with same expression behavior among HESC/JAZF1-SUZ12, ESS tumor 1# and ESS tumor 2#. 156 genes with known function are significantly up-regulated (>2 fold) and 15 genes are significantly down-regulated (>2 fold) only in these three samples. These data were further confirmed by qRT-PCR. Analysis of the 156 up-regulated gene indicates there are 9 signaling pathways are activated and 8 are significant both P and Benjamini values <0.05 including WNT and cancer signaling pathways. The WNT1, WNT3a, WNT7b, WNT11 and APC2, which are highly up regulated, are involved in both signaling pathway. CHIP analysis shows these four WNT genes are the down stream targets of PRC2-SUZ12, therefore we reasonably detected the tri-methylation level of histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27Me3) by CHIP assay using anti-H3K27Me3 antibody. Our study shows the fusion protein is significantly decreased the H3K27Me3 level on the promoter region of these target genes (compare with wild type SUZ12). In summary, we confirmed fusion protein of JAZF1-SUZ12 causes the WNT signaling activation via decreasing the H3K27Me3 level on target promoter regions in ESS tumorigenesis. A numbers of small molecule inhibitors of WNT members and RNA interference technique are being used to confirm if inactivates the highly activated WNT signaling pathway can reverse the proliferation ability and stop de-differentiation process of HESC/JAZF1-SUZ12 cells and primary ESS tumor cells.

Biography:

Y L Gong has completed his PhD in Gastroenterology from 2nd Military Medical University of Shanghai. Currently, he is working as Professor in the Department of Oncology, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, China. He has published more than 40 scientific papers in various national and international journals and a reviewer for reputed journals. Apart from medical oncology, his area of interest is in Chinese traditional medicine therapy of cancer.

Abstract:

The main objective is to observe the curative effect of Chinese herbal Decoction of Runfei combined with hormone and antibiotic in treating Radiation Pneumonia (RP) of oesophageal carcinoma. A 56-year-old male underwent surgery for cancer of the upper easophagus (T3N2M0) in September 2014; following post-surgery adjuvant radiotherapy of the three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy which were administered. Two months later, severe pneumonia has been found by Chest X-ray and CT imaging, he received the treatment of hormone and antibiotic. In the mean-time, we administered Chinese herbal medicine, Fei Decoction, mixed with a variety of effective herbal components to help him to recover from the poor condition. After taking the Chinese herbs for 2 weeks, the diffuse patchy shadows and ground glass appearance on Chest X-ray dramatically decreased, with the result to the normal range, and the patient felt free from the complaint of pulmonary and cardiac discomfort. The quality of life has been greatly improved. Thus, we managed to have prolonged the PFS (Progression-Free-Survival) and TTP (Time-to-Progression) from the onset to date. In the course of this combined treatment, we showed that Chinese herbal medicine plays an important role in the therapy of oeasophageal carcinoma. Chinese herbs might be an additional choice with its better benefits and tolerability in the treatment of Radiation Pneumonia (RP) of oesophageal carcinoma.

Biography:

Min Yang is an Associate Professor of Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University. She received the PhD degree in Peking University in 2007. She is currently a Senior Visiting Scholar in the School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh. She has published thirteen scientific papers in journals including Cell Death & Differentiation, Cell Death & Disease, Cell reports, ATVB and Molecular Cancer. Her projects have been continually supported by National or Beijing Science Foundation of China since 2010. She is a Reviewer of Cardiovascular Toxicology, Cardiovascular Therapeutics and Wound Repair and Regeneration. She is interested in identifying mechanisms of macrophage polarization in tumor microenvironment.

Abstract:

Tumor metastasis is affected by dynamic changes in the specific phenotypes of macrophage subpopulations; however, the mechanisms by which tumor cell modulates macrophage polarization remain unclear. Here, we investigated the molecular basis and signaling pathways between tumor cells and macrophage polarization and explored the underlying mechanism how to regulate cancer metastasis. We reported CARD9, a central adaptor protein of innate immune responses, which can contribute to tumor metastasis, associated with poor cancer prognosis via induction of metastasis-associated macrophages. Tumor cell secreted VEGF facilitates activation of the Syk signaling pathway in macrophages, leading to induction of the assembly of the CARD9–BCL10–MALT1 complex, following to activation of NF-kB pathway that mediated metastasis-associated macrophage polarization. Moreover, autophagic activity is a critical factor in tumor development that enhances cellular fitness and survival in the hostile tumor microenvironment. We demonstrated that Cat S-mediated autophagic flux is an important mechanism for inducing M2-type polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which leads to tumor development. Furthermore, efficient clearance of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) can profoundly influence tumor-specific immunity. Our results suggest a novel mechanism by which ICAM-1 in the tumor microenvironment, via restraining efferocytosis of apoptotic tumor cells, can block M2 macrophage polarization through regulation of PI3K/AKT activation, which leads to prevention of tumor metastasis. Together with experimental and clinical findings, we propose a strategy to selectively target macrophage polarization in combination with the adaptor molecule of innate immune responses, autophagy, or efferocytosis, the novel approaches that could have significant therapeutic potential for cancer metastasis.

Biography:

Azim Charoosaee is a faculty member in Physical Education at Islamic Azad University, Khouzestan Province, Iran. He taught for more than 20 years at University and Schools about physical education. His areas of interest are sports and physical education.

Abstract:

Physical education is the interdisciplinary study of physical activity, human movement and athletic performance. This course explores many aspects of anatomy and physiology, exercise physiology, sports injuries, rehabilitation, nutrition, psychology, biomechanics and socio¬‐cultural issues within sport and physical education. Diet can help combat depression and improve your mood. Depression саn be an offset or еvеn eliminated when the diet consists of nutritional and healthy foods. Indeed, сеrtаіn foods are not good for уоu physically; thеу аlѕо enhance уоur mental and emotional states аѕ well. There are many саuѕеѕ of depression and if уоu feel that depression іѕ а problem уоu ѕhоuld consult а licensed medical professional to get proper medical advice. This paper resulted in an annual research project will show that correct sport and true diet will be very useful to a person health and they, altogether helps the man will be ready to do social activities better and even he/she could be an athlete so, if he/she wants and follows it as a purpose.

Biography:

Peter I Ejidike is pursuing his PhD from University of Fort Hare, South Africa. He is a Tutor for the Undergraduate students. He has published 4 papers in reputed journals; others under review and he has been a Member of the South African Chemical Institute (SACI) and International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).

Abstract:

The design and synthesis of biologically active molecules is a vigorous task and the variables affecting biological activity are diverse. Metal based antioxidants have gained recent attention for their ability to protect living organisms and cells from damage caused by oxidative stress or scavenge free radicals. In view of the growing interest in the development of new therapeutic agents and DNA probes for disease defense, we present ruthenium (III) complexes of three tetradentate Schiff bases with a N2O2 donor atoms set and formulated as: [RuCl(LL1)(H2O)]; [RuCl(LL2)(H2O)]; [RuCl(LL3)(H2O)]. The spectra data showed that the ligands coordinate Ru ion through the azomethine nitrogen and enolic oxygen atoms. Electronic spectral measurements indicated an octahedral geometry for all the complexes. The antioxidant activities of the complexes were investigated through scavenging activity on DPPH and ABTS radicals. The obtained IC50 value of the DPPH activity for the [RuCl(LL2)(H2O)] complex (IC50=1.58±0.50 µM) was higher than other Ru (III) compounds. The study revealed that the synthesized Schiff base of Ru (III) complexes exhibited strong scavenging activities against DPPH and moderate ABTS radicals. In addition, the anticancer studies of the complexes were also tested against human renal cancer cell (TK10), human melanoma cancer cell (UACC62) and human breast cancer cell (MCF7) using the SRB assay. The complexes inhibited low-moderate anticancer activity against the tested human cancer cell lines. [RuCl(LL2)(H2O)] chelates exhibited higher biological activities than [RuCl(LL1)(H2O)] and [RuCl(LL3)(H2O)] complexes. Nevertheless, antioxidant activities of the complexes exhibited moderate to strong free radical inhibitors or scavenger for treating pathological damage associated with radical-generation leading to aging, degenerative diseases and cancer.

Biography:

Sanaa Haroon is a Molecular Nematologist completed her MS and PhD from Florida University, USA. She is the Director of Nematology and Biotechnology lab, Fayoum University, Egypt. She is the Egyptian Representative in the International Federation of Nematolog. She has Published 72 papers and awarded by the Prime Minister in the Global Environmental (Biocontrol), recipient of the Excellence prize 2007 in Molecular Nematology area and National Promotion for Science from the Academy of Science. She has participated in 18 international conferences; Grant coordinator of 16 projects through her scientific life (USA, Germany, Holland, Sweden, European Union). She is also a Member in 9 scientific organizations.

Abstract:

Molecular biology and its application have been used as strong tool for research; it provides an understanding of host parasite interaction at molecular level and seeking new means of parasite intervention. We focus on recent progress in the molecular mechanisms of host parasite relationship with special emphasis to nematode as a serious pest to human, animal and plant our research focus on nematode problems in plants. Root Knot considered as one of the most important pest all over the world, many species has been identified to cause problems to field crops, vegetables and fruit trees. Molecular tools were used for nematode identification, Ribosomal DNA for ITs spacer to identify different genera while multiplex test for different species in mixed population. Different population and races within root knot was determining using RAPD technology, Dendrogram was developed to provide analysis the relationship between populations. RELP technology plays an important role for species analysis; restriction enzymes used to identify species of Root Knot also SCAR techniques used to obtain special markers for each species. Laser captures Micro dissection (LCM) was used for expression analysis of giant cells that is formed by Nematode. Giant cells were collected using (LCM), RNA was extracted and used to make a cDNA library and expressed sequence technology (ESTs) produced and used for gene ontology analysis (LCM) allowed for the isolation of tissue enriched for giant cell providing material suitable for a variety of Molecular analysis. RNAi is also a tool both in cell culture and in living organisms.

Biography:

Hala Abdel Wahab has completed her PhD in 2006 from Paris-Sud University, France. She is an Assistant Professor since 2013 at Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo, Egypt and the Director of Molecular Diagnostic of Plant Diseases Lab. She has published & under published about 11 papers in local and reputed journals and has obtained a project fund as a Principal Investigator from Science and Technology Development Fund, Scientific Research Ministry. She had also registered two patents 2012 at patent office, Scientific Research Ministry.

Abstract:

Gray Mold is a serious constraint in strawberry production worldwide. Early detection of infected strawberry fruits before appearance of symptoms allows timely treatment. Two useful alternative systems, molecular analysis and remote sensing have been used for monitoring large plant samples at a single time point as the early diagnosis is otherwise not possible by visual observation alone. The current study demonstrated that both techniques: The real time PCR and spectroradiometer are reliable techniques for early diagnosis of gray mold in strawberry fruits under laboratory condition. However, the molecular method is very expensive for a routine use. Therefore, the long-term goal of this research is to develop a fast screening technique that can accurately detect and quantify Botrytis infections. The two comparative detection tests were evaluated to identify the Botrytis-infected samples from different infection levels of strawberry fruits. We found that v/near, swir1 and swir2 are the range significant to differentiate between healthy and infected strawberry fruits. Results of this study could suggest potential usage of laboratory remote sensing in monitoring gray mold in symptomless infected fruits. Thus it will be useful for assessing the quiescent infection before export.

Biography:

Layam Anitha has completed her PhD from Sri Padmavathi Mahila Women’s University and has post graduate teaching and research experience. She has published several research articles in reputed journals in food science and nutrition areas. To her credit, she has a patent for product development. Currently, she is working as Associate Professor in Princess Noura University, Riyadh, KSA.

Abstract:

The yield of agricultural crops depends on balanced nutrition. Micro elements distribution within plants influences the growth and development of plant. The trace element zinc is directly involved in hormone regulation and pigment synthesis in plants. The influence of various concentrations of zinc uptake by plants has been studied by many researchers. Zinc deficiency in food crops is wide spread and almost 50% of productive agricultural soils are deficient in zinc. About 50% of world human population is also zinc deficient. Several types of zinc fertilizers are available in the form of chelated zinc that is relatively mobile in the soil. The inorganic fertilizers like zinc oxides, sulphate and nitrates are widely used but are highly expensive. The low cost bio-fertilizers had shown good effects in increasing the zinc concentration in soil and crops. It has been suggested that the integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizers hugely benefits the sustainable agriculture in the form of obtaining great yields and good quality grains. To enhance the zinc levels in the foods bio-fortification is the best approach. Enrichment of zinc in seeds of wheat, pulses and vegetables are helpful in meeting the zinc requirement. Bio-fortification is done through effective fertilization and selection of crops that have potential to efficient absorption of zinc from soil and ability to translocate the zinc to various plant parts. In the present study, the zinc levels were found to be increased after supplementation of Spirulina in different combinations and experimental setups. The NIN standard values of zinc in Amaranthus were 0.18 mg/100 g, which were increased after experiment in Spirulina + chemical fertilizer combination in 75: 25 proportions (6.9 mg/100 g). The NIN standard values for green gram are 3 mg/100 g which were increased further after the field experiment in Spirulina + organic manure treatment in 50: 50 proportions the value (5.4 mg/100 g). The NIN standard zinc values for tomato are 0.41 mg/100 g and this has been much increased after the field experiment in Spirulina two hours soaking method (0.52 mg/100 g). Further studies have to be carried out at molecular level to establish the zinc transport mechanism and bioavailability with the positive results from present study.

Biography:

Vakhtang Barbakadze in 1978 and 1999 has completed his PhD and Doctor of Science at the ages of 33 and 54 years from Zelinsky Instiute of Organic Chemistry, Russia and Durmishidze Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Georgia respectively. From 2006 to date he is the Head of Laboratory of Plant Biopolymers at the Tbilisi State Medical University Institute of Pharmacochemistry. He has been a Visiting Scientist at Utrecht University (Faculty of Pharmacy), The Netherlands by University Scholarship and The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) Scholarship Scientific Program. He has published more than 66 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

The structure elucidation of the main structural element of high molecular fractions from medicinal plants of Symphytum asperum, S. caucasicum, S. officinale and Anchusa italica (Boraginaceae) was carried out. According to 13C, 1H NMR and 2D heteronuclear 1H/13C HSQC spectral data of these preparations was found that the main component of these preparations is regularly substituted polyoxyethylene namely poly [3-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl) glyceric acid] (PDPGA) or poly [oxy-1-carboxy-2-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl) ethylene]. PDPGA represents a new class of natural polyethers with a residue of 3-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl) glyceric acid as the repeating unit. Most of the carboxylic groups of PDPGA from A. italica unlike the polymer of Symphytum species according to 2D DOSY experiment are methylated. Such caffeic acid-derived biopolymer to our knowledge has not been known and has been identified for the first time. Besides, the racemic and enantio-selective synthesis of basic monomeric moiety of PDPGA was carried out. 2, 3-Dihydroxy-3-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl) propionic acid (DDPPA) and the virtually pure enantiomers, (+)-(2R,3S)-2, 3-dihydroxy-3-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl) propionic acid and (-)-(2S,3R)-2, 3-dihydroxy-3-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl) propionic acid were synthesized for the first time via sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation (AD) of trans-caffeic acid derivatives using the enantiocomplementary catalysts, cinchona alkaloid derivatives (DHQD)2-PHAL and (DHQ)2-PHAL. PDPGA and its synthetic monomer exerted anti-cancer efficacy in vitro and in vivo against androgen-dependent and -independent human prostate cancer (PCA) cells via targeting androgen receptor, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis without any toxicity together with a strong decrease in PSA level in plasma. Overall, this study identifies PDPGA as a potent agent against PCA without any toxicity and supports its clinical application.

Biography:

Sheree J Finley is a PhD Student in Microbiology at Alabama State University. During her two year doctoral matriculation, she has published several review and research papers in scientific literature. She has expertise in microbial diversity of cadaver gravesoil through a collaborative partnership with a “body farm” located at the Forensic Anthropology Center at Texas State (FACTS) outdoor Forensic Anthropology Research Facility (FARF). She was as an Oral Presenter and Demonstrator of DNA extraction techniques in an NSF grant-supported workshop titled "Hands-on Evaluation of the Thanatomicrobiome and Epinecrotic Communities" at the 2015 67th annual American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS).

Abstract:

The study of the postmortem microbial transformations in gravesoil has yet to be fully investigated across all steps during putrefaction. Currently, there is a need for advanced biotechnological approaches to analyze postmortem microbiology of the gravesoil from cadavers. Soil microbial studies have estimated that the number of species of bacteria per gram of soil is up to eight million depending on the soil type. The goal of the present study is to survey the microorganisms associated with cadaver gravesoil collected from the Forensic Anthropology Research Facility at Texas State University to identify predominant microbes present during the stages of decomposition. Using next-generation sequencing, microbial community composition was isolated and characterized and the microbial communities’ taxon richness was identified. The findings show that the taxa were variable and there was a decreasing trend in taxon richness, diversity and evenness over time for cadavers placed on the soil surface. The also results demonstrated that Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum in all of the cadaver soil samples. There is also a marked decrease in both acidotrophic bacteria (Acidobacteria) and edaphic verrucae (Verrucomicrobia) in the samples. These novel findings add to the notion that documenting and discovering differences in bacterial communities is crucial to advancing the knowledge of cadaver decomposition in soil. Presently, results of a metagenomic approach of this kind remain unreported and have applicability towards advancing forensic investigations and studies.

Biography:

Dr. Dev Mani Pandey is working as Associate Professor at the Department of Bio-Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. He completed his Ph. D. in Plant Physiology from Chaudhary Charan Singh, Haryana Agriculture University, Hisar, India. He was Post-Doctoral Fellow in South Korea and worked in the areas of Plant Molecular Biology and Functional Genomics. He was also invited as Consultant to Plant Breeding, Genetics and Biotechnology, IRRI, Los Banos, Philippines.

Abstract:

Citronella oil is one of the essential oils obtained from the leaves and stems of Cymbopogon winterianus and is extensively used as a mosquito repellent, in perfume industry, shows antibacterial and insecticidal activity; effective inhibitor of biodegrading and storage contaminating fungi and in fruit juice preservation, repelling properties on the tick and free radical scavenging. This oil contains medicinally important compounds like nerol, citronellol and geraniol, etc. that are synthesized during its metabolic pathways. Since geraniol dehydrogenase is responsible for the degradation of nerol, citronellol and geraniol. Characterisation of these compounds was performed using HPTLC, ESI MS and FTIR techniques. Therefore, looking the strategies to inactivate geraniol dehydrogenase enzyme by blocking gene encoding this enzyme might be helpful to enrich the content of above mentioned compounds. Also, in silico analysis of GDH gene via molecular docking with potent inhibitors and subsequent study on their individual interactions in enzyme- inhibitor assays will be preliminary yet beneficial for blocking the enzyme activity. The effect of selected inhibitors on the suspension cultures derived from callus proved to be a novel approach for pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry thereby accumulating the essential oil components in- vivo.

Biography:

Khvatkov Pavel has completed his PhD at the age of 25 years from All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology in 2012. Currently he is a Research Scientist at the Laboratory of Genetic Engineering of Plants, Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology. He has a number of papers published in reputed journals.

Abstract:

Vaccines creation based on transgenic plants may be considered as a ground breaking technology in modern vaccinology with the advantages as compared to bacterial and yeast systems such as the lack of common human and animal pathogens and high level expression of heterologous proteins. To date the development of tissue culture systems in duckweeds is limited to species of the genus Lemna and Spirodella. Yet more promising target for biopharming is Wolffia arrhiza as an object for submerged cultivation in a fermenter. We have developed a two-step procedure of callus induction in Wolffia. At the first stage cluster structures are induced in the presence of 2, 4-D and ВА during 16 weeks. At the second stage BA in the medium for callus induction is replaced by PCL over a period of 4 weeks. The created protocols for callus induction and regeneration allow achieving not only the high efficiency at each stage but also proceeding to the development of a protocol for Wolffia arrhiza stable transformation. The most efficient transgenesis and selection of the transgenic lines occur in the presence of hygromycin B. The successful transformation requires the presence both of 2, 4-D and BA in the cultivation medium within 15 days. As a result of investigations 84 transgenic lines of Wolffia harboring both reporter [gfp (1 lines) and gus (3 lines)] and target [desulfatohirudin-1 (46 lines) and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (34 lines)] genes were obtained. Integration of heterologous DNA was proved by molecular-biological analyzes (PCR and Southern blot analyzes). Expression of recombinant protein was confirmed by Western blot assay and ELISA.

Biography:

Timerbaev Vadim has earned his Master's degree at Pushchino State University, Chemical and Physical Biology and Biotechnology in 2006. Currently he is a Research Scientist at the laboratory of Genetic engineering of plants, Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology and at laboratory of the Expression systems and modification of plant genome, Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry. He has several papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

Generation of transgenic plants without any foreign genetic material relieves public concerns and facilitates future commercialization of GM crops. In our investigation we used the pMF vector containing of the recombinase R and a Cod A-nptII bi-functional selectable gene for produce tomato plants carrying the super sweet thaumatin II gene under the control of tomato fruit-specific ELIP or E8 gene promoter and tomato RuBisCo terminator. In the early selection approach, a total of 155 Km-resistant calluses were treated to induce recombination. Eighty three shoots from 116 was non-transgenic escapes, 32 contained nptII gene fragment and only one marker-free line with correctly excised DNA that confirmed by PCR and Southern was appear. In the alternative delayed strategy we have obtained a total of 170 transgenic lines. About half of them contained a partial sequence of the T-DNA but the majority of checked had two or more inserts. For the second round of shoot regeneration we choose 35 transgenic lines. One hundred twenty one resistant plants were obtained from 18 original lines. Most of them lost resistance to kanamycin in spite of the sequence of nptII gene were not detected only in one marker-free line. We suppose that an incomplete excision and chromosomal rearrangements due to the presence of multiple and aberrant or partial T-DNA insertions occur in other cases. The thaumatin II gene expression has been confirmed by RT-PCR, Western blotting and organoleptic analyses. Two completely marker-free transgenic tomato plants were obtained by two different selection strategies altogether. This result demonstrates that the pMF vector system is an acceptable for production marker-free transgenic tomato but probably objective physiological and molecular biological features do not allow achieving the high efficiency for Solanum species.

Biography:

Dr. Ajiboye Abiodun A. obtained B.Sc Biological Sciences with options in Botany, M.Sc Botany (Plant Physiology) and Ph.D Botany (Plant Physiology) at the Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Ogun state, Nigeria. He is a senior lecturer of Federal University Oye Ekiti and currently, the Acting head of the Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology. Dr .Ajiboye A.A has publishedover 25papers in reputable journals of both local and international standards. He is a member of Botanical Society of Nigeria (BOSON). His current research interest in the field of Plant Biology includes: Plant physiology, seed germination,and plant biotechnology.

Abstract:

Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranean L.) is a protein-rich legume, with food security potential. The research work was conducted to study the efficacy of mycorrhizal fungal inoculation on Bambara seeds using pure and crude inoculum which was carried out by inoculating five treatments into sterilized soil. The five treatments includes: Glomus mosseae, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Malbranchea gypsea. Analysis of Variance was used to analyze all experiments used in this study. All experiments were done in triplicates and means of standard deviations were also (mean ±SD) calculated.

Biography:

Paola Durán is a Postdotcoral Researcher in la Frontera University She has completed her PhD from the University of Barcelona obtaining “Cum Laude” distinction. She is a Professor of Microbiology in Plant-Soil System. She has published 9 papers in the last 5 years in ISI journal and has been serving as an editorial board member of repute

Abstract:

In the last few years we showed that some microorganisms as bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can be used as biotechnological tools to enhance the Se content in plants. Here, endophytic bacteria (Acinetobacter sp. E6.2 and Bacillus sp. E5) were isolated from selenium-supplemented wheat plants and were characterized in terms of Se accumulation and capacity of bio control of Gaeumannomyces graminis var tritici (Ggt), the main soil borne pathogen of southern Chile. Both strains were highly tolerant to elevated selenium concentration (ranged from 60 to 120 mM respectively) and showed potential plant-growth-promoting capabilities (auxin and siderophore production, phytate mineralization and tri-calcium phosphate solubilization). In terms of Se species we found that mainly Acinetobacter sp. E6.2 produced elevated amounts of SeMet and SeMeSeCys (10 and 3.77 mg kg-1 respectively), however highly stable NanoSe (Z potential around -40 mV) was the main Se form found in both inoculums. The size of NanoSe from Acinetobacter sp. was major than Bacillus sp. along the time (i.e., 213±3.4 nm and 169±0.92 nm respectively at 24 hours). In addition, Se supplementation in bacteria no produced an oxidative stress measured by antioxidant activity (SOD and CAT) and neither affected the tolerance to water deficit due to similar proline and IAA production. Respect to pathogen bio control Acinetobacter sp. was able to inhibit 100% pathogen development, whereas 30% was inhibited by Bacillus strains. Our results validate the potential use of these endophytic bacteria inoculums for Se biofortification and Ggt bio control.

Biography:

Miss Jerusha Naidoo is currently completely her PhD as a member of the Research Centre for Plant Growth and development at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, in the field of Biological Sciences (Cell Biology). Her PhD focuses on the micromorphology of secretory structures, pharmacognosy and development of an in vitro propagation protocol of a South African medicinal plant. This research involves the bioassay-guided isolation and identification of therapeutic phytocompounds and optimization of a micropropagation protocol for mass production of medicinal plant material. Miss Naidoo’s research expertise include electron microscopy, phytochemistry, ethnobotany, ethnopharmacology, plant biotechnology and nanotechnology.

Abstract:

Overharvesting of medicinal plants for traditional and commercial use is an increasing conservation concern. Micropropagation of these plants is a necessary measure for both conservation and exploitation of therapeutic phytocompounds. This study aimed to develop a novel and efficient micropropagation protocol for Pycnostachys urticifolia Hook. It further aimed to compare the micromorphology and trichome density between micropropagated and field grown leaves. Successful decontamination of axillary buds was achieved using 3% NaClO and 0.1% HgCl2 for 10 minutes each. Explants were placed on MS media containing cytokinins [0.5 ml/l 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.5 ml/l 6-furfurylaminopurin (kinetin)] with auxins [0.5 ml/l indole-acetic acid (IAA) and 0.5 ml/l indole-3-butyric acid (IBA)] for bud break and multiplication in 1:1 and 2:1 ratios, respectively. Successful bud break was achieved on MS medium containing kinetin and IAA yielding 2.94 ± 0.42 shoots per explant after 2 weeks. Significant shoot proliferation of 2.88 ± 0.33 shoots per explant was achieved after 2 weeks on media containing kinetin (2 mg/l) and IAA (1 mg/l). Shoots were rooted on MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/l IAA, resulting in 77% rooting after 3 weeks. Plantlets were subsequently acclimatized for 1 month in a mist tent, resulting in 82% survival. Micropropagated leaves presented a greater density of non-glandular and glandular trichomes compared to field grown leaves. Hence, greater quantities of potentially therapeutic compounds can be harvested from micropropagated leaves of P. urticifolia. Future work should investigate the differences in the phytochemical profiles of leaf extracts from in vitro and field grown plants.

Biography:

Dr Layam Anitha has completed her Ph D in 2004 from Sri padmavathi Mahila Women’s University and has 20 years of teaching for post graduate and research experience. She has published several research articles in reputed journals in Food science and Nutrition areas. To her credit she has a patent for product development. At present she is working as Associate Professor in Princess Noura University, Riyadh, KSA.

Abstract:

The yield of Agricultural crops depends on balanced nutrition. Micro elements distribution within plants influences the growth and development of plant. The trace element Zinc is directly involved in hormone regulation and pigment synthesis in plants. The influence of various concentrations of Zinc uptake by plants has been studied by many researchers. Zinc deficiency in food crops is wide spread and almost 50% of productive agricultural soils are deficient in Zinc. About 50% of world human population is also Zinc deficient. Several types of zinc fertilizers are available in the form of chelated zinc that is relatively mobile in the soil. The inorganic fertilizers like zinc oxides, sulphate and nitrates are widely used but are highly expensive. The low cost biofertilizers had shown good effects in increasing the zinc concentration in soil and crops. It has been suggested that the integrated use of organic and inorganic fertilizers hugely benefits the sustainable agriculture in the form of obtaining great yields and good quality grains. To enhance the Zinc levels in the foods biofortification is the best approach. Enrichment of Zinc in seeds of wheat, pulses and vegetables are helpful in meeting the Zinc requirement. Biofortification is done through effective fertilization and selection of crops that have potential to efficient absorption of Zinc from soil and ability to translocate the Zinc to various plant parts. In the present study the zinc levels were found to be increased after supplementation of Spirulina in different combinations and experimental setups. The NIN standard values of zinc in Amaranthus were 0.18mg/100g, which were increased after experiment in Spirulina + chemical fertilizer combination in 75:25 proportions (6.9mg/100g). The NIN standard values for green gram are 3mg/100g which were increased further after the field experiment in Spirulina + organic manure treatment in 50:50 proportions the value (5.4mg/100g). The NIN standard zinc values for tomato are 0.41mg/100g and this has been much increased after the field experiment in Spirulina two hours soaking method (0.52mg/100g). Further studies have to be carried out at molecular level to establish the zinc transport mechanism and bioavailability with the positive results from present study.

Biography:

Professor Beata Cwalina has almost 40 years of research experience in studying the fundamental and applied aspects of metals bioleaching from various materials, biocorrosion of metals and biodeterioration of non-metallic materials, as well as the modification possibilities of connective tissues for implantology. Professor Cwalina has published over 270 papers, many in reputed journals, and often has been serving as a reviewer. She had been a member of scientific councils of four universities, has supervised 5 PhD students, and has reviewed many PhD, associate professor and professorship theses.

Abstract:

Titanium alloys are widely used for many medical and technical applications. Sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) such as these belonging to Desulfovibrio desulfuricans species may cause corrosion of various metals, including titanium and its alloys. These bacteria can form biofilm on the metal surface. Titanium and its alloys may be colonized by microorganisms including SRB and corrosion under their metabolic activity may occur. Up today, there are no satisfactory results of removal already developed mature biofilms. There is a need for research on the possibility to control biofilm formation on titanium. High surface energy connected with the alloy composition, negative charge and high surface roughness of titanium alloys may promote the adhesion of bacteria. In order to prevent biofilm formation, modifications to the titanium alloys composition and surface character must be carried out for elimination the effects of these properties. In this study, the influence of the titanium alloy type on the biofilm formation by D. desulfuricans bacteria has been studied. The biofilms formation by D. desulfuricans bacteria on grinded, electropolished and anodized surfaces of three titanium alloys: NiTi, Ti6Al4V and Ti6Al7Nb have been investigated during the metal samples immersion in various simulated physiological solutions (artificial saliva, artificial saliva under inflammatory conditions). Based on results of microscopic and biochemical investigations, the influence of the alloy type (with different chemical composition) on the biofilm formation by D. desulfuricans bacteria has been detected. Acknowledgments: This work was supported by the research project Nr N N518 291940 (Polish National Science Center).

Biography:

Vakhtang Barbakadze in 1978 and 1999 has completed his PhD and Doctor of Science at the ages of 33 and 54 years from Zelinsky Instiute of Organic Chemistry, Russia and Durmishidze Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Georgia respectively. From 2006 to date he is the Head of Laboratory of Plant Biopolymers at the Tbilisi State Medical University Institute of Pharmacochemistry. He has been a Visiting Scientist at Utrecht University (Faculty of Pharmacy), The Netherlands by University Scholarship and The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) Scholarship Scientific Program. He has published more than 66 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

The structure elucidation of the main structural element of high molecular fractions from medicinal plants of Symphytum asperum, S. caucasicum, S. officinale and Anchusa italica (Boraginaceae) was carried out. According to 13C, 1H NMR and 2D heteronuclear 1H/13C HSQC spectral data of these preparations was found that the main component of these preparations is regularly substituted polyoxyethylene namely poly [3-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl) glyceric acid] (PDPGA) or poly [oxy-1-carboxy-2-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl) ethylene]. PDPGA represents a new class of natural polyethers with a residue of 3-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl) glyceric acid as the repeating unit. Most of the carboxylic groups of PDPGA from A. italica unlike the polymer of Symphytum species according to 2D DOSY experiment are methylated. Such caffeic acid-derived biopolymer to our knowledge has not been known and has been identified for the first time. Besides, the racemic and enantio-selective synthesis of basic monomeric moiety of PDPGA was carried out. 2, 3-Dihydroxy-3-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl) propionic acid (DDPPA) and the virtually pure enantiomers, (+)-(2R,3S)-2, 3-dihydroxy-3-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl) propionic acid and (-)-(2S,3R)-2, 3-dihydroxy-3-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl) propionic acid were synthesized for the first time via sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation (AD) of trans-caffeic acid derivatives using the enantiocomplementary catalysts, cinchona alkaloid derivatives (DHQD)2-PHAL and (DHQ)2-PHAL. PDPGA and its synthetic monomer exerted anti-cancer efficacy in vitro and in vivo against androgen-dependent and -independent human prostate cancer (PCA) cells via targeting androgen receptor, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis without any toxicity together with a strong decrease in PSA level in plasma. Overall, this study identifies PDPGA as a potent agent against PCA without any toxicity and supports its clinical application.

Biography:

Sheree J Finley is a PhD Student in Microbiology at Alabama State University. During her two year doctoral matriculation, she has published several review and research papers in scientific literature. She has expertise in microbial diversity of cadaver gravesoil through a collaborative partnership with a “body farm” located at the Forensic Anthropology Center at Texas State (FACTS) outdoor Forensic Anthropology Research Facility (FARF). She was as an Oral Presenter and Demonstrator of DNA extraction techniques in an NSF grant-supported workshop titled "Hands-on Evaluation of the Thanatomicrobiome and Epinecrotic Communities" at the 2015 67th annual American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS).

Abstract:

The study of the postmortem microbial transformations in gravesoil has yet to be fully investigated across all steps during putrefaction. Currently, there is a need for advanced biotechnological approaches to analyze postmortem microbiology of the gravesoil from cadavers. Soil microbial studies have estimated that the number of species of bacteria per gram of soil is up to eight million depending on the soil type. The goal of the present study is to survey the microorganisms associated with cadaver gravesoil collected from the Forensic Anthropology Research Facility at Texas State University to identify predominant microbes present during the stages of decomposition. Using next-generation sequencing, microbial community composition was isolated and characterized and the microbial communities’ taxon richness was identified. The findings show that the taxa were variable and there was a decreasing trend in taxon richness, diversity and evenness over time for cadavers placed on the soil surface. The also results demonstrated that Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum in all of the cadaver soil samples. There is also a marked decrease in both acidotrophic bacteria (Acidobacteria) and edaphic verrucae (Verrucomicrobia) in the samples. These novel findings add to the notion that documenting and discovering differences in bacterial communities is crucial to advancing the knowledge of cadaver decomposition in soil. Presently, results of a metagenomic approach of this kind remain unreported and have applicability towards advancing forensic investigations and studies.

Biography:

Three hundred and sixty soil fungi were screened for L-asparaginase production by rapid screening method. Fusarium culmorum showed appreciable amount of enzyme activity. Optimization studies under submerged fermentation (SmF) revealed that the production of enzyme was maximum at day 4, pH 7.5, temperature 30°C and at 1% substrate concentration. Addition of 0.2% citric acid, 0.5% ammonium chloride, 0.002% calcium chloride enhanced the production by 6 fold. L-asparaginase was purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation, gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography. Fourteen fold increase with specific activity of 16.66 U/mg protein with 2.6% yield. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 90 kDa. The optimal pH and temperature of purified enzyme was 8.0 and 40°C. The enzyme retained 90% activity at pH 8 after 72 hrs and 50% activity at 60°C for 60 min. The Km and Vmax of purified enzyme was 3.57mM and 0.5μmol/ml/min at 37°C respectively, activated by Mn2+ and Tween 80, inhibited by Cu2+ and EDTA. Production of L-asparaginase was also carried out under solid state fermentation (SSF). Sixty five substrates were used, soya bean meal enhanced the production by 10 fold. Soya bean meal in combination with wheat bran and 0.1% ammonium chloride further enhanced the production by 14 fold. The purified L-asparaginase showed cytotoxic effect on human leukemic cell line (Jurkat) with IC50 value of 90μg/ml. The enzyme did not elicit any immunogenic effects on human lymphocytes. The enzyme induced apoptotic cell death by arresting the growth of cells at G2-M phase.

Abstract:

Savitha Janakiraman received her Ph.D. degree in Botany, Madras University and postdoctoral research in University of Hull, England under the Jawaharlal Nehru (UK) fellowship. She worked on the regulation of polyunsaturated acids (PUFAs) production in fungi under Prof. Colin Ratledge. Currently she is working as Professor in Bangalore University, Department of Microbiology. She is the Chairman of Board of Examination (BOE) and member of Board of syllabus and Academic Council of Bangalore University. She has published 32 research papers and has several research projects offered by Government funding agencies. Her interest of research is on Industrial Microbiology and Environmental Microbiology.

Biography:

Hassan Awad Ahmed Mohamed is a PhD student at the age of 30 years from Saratov State University, Russian Federation. He is Assistant Lecturer, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Egypt. He is very active person and likes to take responsibility and to work as part of a team and the interaction during the study is very enriching. Also he is already published and attended international conference.

Abstract:

Filamentous fungi in the Aspergillus tubingensis (strain AN103) is a black Aspergillus belonging to the Aspergillus section Nigri represent some of the most widespread food, fruits and feed contaminants known but they are also some of the most important workhorses used by the biotechnological industry, study strain was isolated from Golden delicious apple fields at Volga region, Saratov city, Russia. Black Aspergilli were found in 19 of 28 different apple stem samples ranging from 10 to 45 colonies forming units per 10 cm stem surface. This species morphologically resembles Aspergillus niger. Among the secreted extract components, six dimeric naphtho-g-pyrones, named Fonsecin, Pyranopyrrol A, Rubrofusarin B, Citreonigrin E, Cyclopenol and a New Asperazine Derivate were isolated from apple associated endophytic fungus Aspergillus tubingensis (AN103) cultivated in solid rice medium. The fungal isolate (AN103) was morphologically characterized by performing cotton blue staining and Molecular characterization performed by ITS1, 4 rRNA gene sequence analysis and it was confirmed as Aspergillus tubingensis. Fungal metabolites and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including HPLC, LC-MS- and 1H-NMR.

Biography:

Sulaiman A Alrumman has completed his PhD in 2011 from Aberdeen University, United Kingdom and he has completed his MSc in 2004 from King Abdul-Aziz University, Saudi Arabia. He is now the Dean of Science College, King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia. He has published more than 15 papers in his field (Microbiology and Biotechnology).

Abstract:

Protease enzymes have been found to be very important for the industry due to their applications in the different fields. In this study, 23 yeast isolates were showed protease activity using casein hydrolysis test. Out of the 23 proteolytic yeast isolates, 5 isolates (21.74%) designated as KKU-M 12c, KKU-M 13c, KKU-M 18c, KKU-M 19c and KKU-M20c were identified as protease producers by exhibited high zones of clearance around the colonies. The selected five yeast isolates were identified by sequencing D1/D2 of 26S rDNA region and phylogenetic analysis as KKU-M12c Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, KKU-M13 Cryptococcus albidus, KKU-M18 Pichia membranifaciens, KKU-M19c Hanseniaspora uvarum and KKU- M20c Candida californica. To detect the optimum pH for the yeast extracellular proteases production, the influence of varying pH ranges (4.0-9.0) on the yield and activity of the proteases enzymes was investigated with 0.5% (w/v) casein as substrate. The enzyme activity was measured using qualitative and quantitative assays. Results showed that all the yeast under study secreted protease enzyme at varied levels of pH except pH 9.0 indicating that the five studied yeasts are not alkaline protease producers. The maximum activity of protease (187 U/ml) was observed by strain H. uvarum KKU-M19 at only pH 6.0. The result indicated that this yeast (KKU-M19) produced only neutral protease enzyme. The results of pH studies also showed that the other four yeast isolates R. mucilaginosa KKU-M12, C. albidus KKU-M13, P. membranifaciens KKU-M18 and C. californica KKU-M20 were produced both acidic (at pH 4.0) and neutral (at pH 6.0 and 7.0) protease enzymes. The C. californica strain KKU-M20c was found to be the best acidic and neutral protease producer (138 U/ml at pH4 and 185 U/ml at pH7 respectively).

Biography:

Dr. Hajra Sadia has completed her PhD at the age of 28 years from National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE)/ Quaid-i-Azam University. She is working as Assistant Professor at Atta ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST) since 2008.

Abstract:

Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV), an established cause of mammary tumors in mice, is still controversial for its role in human breast cancer. MMTV has been detected in human breast cancer samples from several parts of the world, but the establishment of a causal role is under debate. With reported presence of MMTV-like sequences in human breast cancer samples from Pakistan, 26% of breast cancer tissues, we also present a supposition that integration of MMTV might be in part responsible for breast cancer development. Employing LM-PCR we have identified multiple (16) distinct integration sites of MMTV in human breast cancer tissues. This study is first of its kind in MMTV research in human subjects. The data lends support to the idea of a viral etiology of breast cancer. Furthermore, our data also indicates anomalous behavior of MMTV-like sequences. Previous data suggests a totally random integration of MMTV in both mouse and human genome in cell lines. However, some sites were found to be repeating in different samples, thus, also supporting sequence specific bias in integration. Our data suggests that integration in the genome might give cells a distinct advantage for survival of transformed cells. Although, the link is still not clear, but further studies on these integration sites might reveal a link between MMTV-like sequences and human breast cancer.

Biography:

Dr. Suman Kapur completed her Ph.D from AIIMS New Delhi in the year 1987 and postdoctoral studies from University of Minnesota. She is the Dean, International Programmes and Collaboration Division at the premier All India Higher Education center, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS-Pilani) Hyderabad campus, Hyderabad. She has been an awardee of Lalor Foundation, USA, and published more than 175 papers in reputed journals and serving as an editorial board member of several journals of international repute. She also serves on several national committees on Nutraceuticals, Food Safety & Security and disaster management.

Abstract:

Virtually all-human diseases result from the interaction of genetic susceptibility factors and modifiable environmental factors, broadly defined to include infectious, chemical, physical, nutritional & behavioral factors. Variations in genetic makeup are associated with almost all disease and these influence a person’s susceptibility to environmental factors. DNA methylation leaves indicators, or "marks", on the genome and there is evidence that these "marks" are strongly influenced by external factors such as the environment and diet. Integrated approach to the study of chronic diseases is the need of the hour as neither nature nor nurture alone can explain the molecular processes of human health or disease. There are thousands of chemicals in the modern environment and many of them are present in measurable levels in us. Diet is believed to be one of the main sources of exposure to potentially dangerous chemicals and with every meal we may be unwittingly exposed to chemicals used while growing, processing and packaging of food. Thus, dietary chemicals include nutrients and bioactive chemicals that do not directly produce energy and man-made chemicals such as pesticides. These chemicals, in turn, affect the body in many ways, from disrupting hormone action to modulating gene expression to impairing cognitive function to increasing the risk of obesity. Data from numerous molecular and genetic epidemiological studies indicate that gene–environment interactions, via dietary changes, can interact in ways that modulate the risk for developing chronic disease/s. Therefore dietary intervention based on knowledge of nutritional requirement, nutrition status, and genotype can be used to prevent, mitigate or cure chronic disease.

Biography:

Yati Vaidya has completed her MSc Integrated Biotechnology (specialization in General Biotechnology) from Ashok and Rita Patel Institute of Integrated Study and Research in Biotechnology and Allied Sciences, Anand, Gujarat, India. During masters her dissertation topic was “Isolation and characterization of probiotic bacteria from human milk”. Presently, she is pursuing PhD in Genetics under the guidance of Dr Anju Kunjadia (Associate Professor in Biotechnology) on “Exploring the microbiota from human milk”. In her PhD studies she is trying to explore the microbes present in the healthy human milk using both culture dependent and independent technique.

Abstract:

Breast milk is considered as an essential component in metabolic and immunologic activity of neonate’s health. Mothers transfer the breast milk microbiota to their infants to impact infant growth and development. Breast milk provides an optimal nutrition for infants and reduces their risk of infectious diseases. As many as 60% of organisms detected using molecular techniques will not grow in standard bacterial culture media. So the aim of the present study is to use the metagenomic approach to explore bacterial diversity by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of 16 healthy human milk samples. The data were analyzed in MG-RAST using best hit approach with 80% identity. Out of which 93% of the total reads were allotted to bacteria. Detection using molecular techniques has broadened our understanding of microbiota, about 14% of sequences cannot be classified suggesting an expansive microbial world. However 87% sequences are predominantly aligned with the phyla Proteobacteria followed by Firmicutes. Genus like Pseudomonas (11.94%), Bacillus (5.81%), Pantoea (4.24%), Escherichia (3.88%), Serratia (3.74%), Staphylococcus (2.46%), Enterococcus (0.19%), Lysinibacillus (0.12%), Erwinia (0.10%), Brevibacillus (0.02%), Paenibacillus (0.02%), Lactobacillus (0.02%), Anoxybacillus (0.01%), Brevundimonas (0.01%) and Yersinia (0.01%) were predominated. Our results indicate that breast milk has a dynamic microbial ecology with a microbiota composed of skin and enteric-associated bacteria and pathogens. With improved understanding of the impact of breast milk microbiota, it may be possible to manipulate these microbial communities to improve the health and development of mothers and their neonates.

Biography:

I am Azim Charoosaee, a faculty member in physical Education in Iran, Islamic Azad university, khouzestan Province, shoushtar city. I have taught for more than 20 years old at university and schools about sport. I would like my work and also researching about. Unfortunately, I have been successful devoting a main part of my free time paying to research, writing papers due to doing projects about. On my mind, physical education and sport are important to cover a part of our day time to help us being successful and satisfied doing other tasks through our lives. I will try to continue my works about. The present research as following such this project is the report of my working about.

Abstract:

Physical Education is the interdisciplinary study of physical activity, human movement and athletic performance. This course explores many aspects of anatomy and physiology, exercise physiology, sports injuries, rehabilitation, nutrition, psychology, biomechanics and socio¬‐cultural issues within sport and physical education. Diet can hеlр combat Depression and Improve Your Mood Depression саn bе offset оr еvеn eliminated whеn уоur diet consists оf nutritional аnd healthy foods. Indeed, сеrtаіn foods аrе nоt јuѕt good fоr уоu physically; thеу аlѕо enhance уоur mental аnd emotional states аѕ well. Thеrе аrе mаnу саuѕеѕ оf depression аnd оf course, іf уоu feel thаt depression іѕ а problem уоu ѕhоuld consult а licensed medical professional tо gеt proper medical advice. Onе оf the, іf nоt thе mоѕt important considerations whеn planning а; іf уоu thіnk аbоut it, food іѕ fuel fоr your body. This paper resulted in an annual research peroject will show that correct sport and true diet will be very useful to a person health and they, altogether helps the man will be ready to do social activities better and, event he/she could be an athlete so, if he/she wants and follows it as a purpose.

Biography:

Shivani Gupta is a PhD scholar at Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani (Hyderabad Campus). She is pursuing her research in the field of industrial and pharmaceutical biotechnology. She has won two national awards, published 10 research papers & has presented her work at various conferences. She is also a teaching assistant for biotechnology courses

Abstract:

Cardiovascular diseases (one of the most common consequence of high cholesterol levels) are the most prevalent cause of death and disability in both developed as well as developing countries. The World Health Organization estimates that almost 20% of all strokes and over 50% of all heart attacks can be linked to high cholesterol. This necessitates the invention of new drugs or novel sources/production strategies of existing drugs to manage the increasing incidence of higher cholesterol. Fungi are extremely useful organisms in biotechnology industry as they are capable of constructing unique complex molecules using established metabolic pathways. Metabolites formed along these metabolic pathways are often found to be biologically active. Lovastatin is a fungal metabolite, an HMGR inhibitor, is used as effective drug for treatment of atherosclerosis and heart diseases. Finding novel source/s with potential to synthesize HMGR inhibitors represents an important milestone in biocatalysis of statin or their analogs. The soil dwelling terrestrial fungi like A. terreus and M. ruber are presently used to produce this hypocholesterolemic drug at commercial scale. Based on astounding hypocholesterolemic ability and a myriad of other therapeutic properties of statins, enhanced attention is warranted to identify new potential producers. During the course of this study we screened and identified a novel marine fungus that produces lovastatin. This is the first report of a marine fungus, other than A. terreus, which produces statin/s. Production of Lovastatin was estimated by yeast inhibition bioassay and confirmed by TLC, UV spectra analysis and HPLC methods. The statin produced was also found to inhibit human HMGR cloned in yeast as tested by RT-PCR.

Biography:

Apurba Dey has completed his PhD at the age of 36 years from Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, India and Postdoctoral Studies from University of Malaya, Malaysia. Presently he is working as Professor, Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, West Bengal, India, a premier Institute of National Importance under MHRD, Government of India. He has published more than 36 papers in reputed journals and 4 book chapters. He has more than 20 years of Teaching and Research experience and 2 years Industrial experience

Abstract:

Development of nano crystalline biomaterials for tissue engineering and biomedical application using different chemical routes and different bio sources has been widely studied in recent years. The objective of this study is to synthesize hydroxyapatite (HAp) biomaterials from fish wastes like fish scale, bones, fins and its comparison with commercial nano HAp powders. Fish scales and bones are chemically treated to wash external protein layers and preserve in dry place. Fish fins are mostly composed of collagen and remaining HAp minerals. After removing collagens, fish wastes are thermally treated to obtain HAp biomaterial. The obtained HAp flakes are milled for about 40-50 hours and comparative characterization studies were performed. Fish waste derived and commercial nano HAp powders are characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermo gravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA), size distribution measurement, electron microscopy and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The particle size distribution and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the particle sizes are in the range of 500 nm to 2 µm. Thermal decomposition of fish wastes result in decomposition of organic matters and entrapped water followed by chemical conversion which ultimately forms HAp. Comparative studies of commercial nano HAp and fish waste derived HAp shows significant similarities. This method could be reported as having high reproducibility and conversion of waste materials to biomaterials in an easy, cost effective and eco friendly manner for HAp production.

Biography:

Elena V Orlova received her PhD degree in 1997. She is the member of Russian Biochemical Society, FEBS, FASEB, ASBMB, Russian Biotechnology Society and AASCIT. She has been awarded with The Gold Medal of an International Exhibition of Innovations “Euvreca-98”; Erlich’ Gold Medal for academic achievements; A Silver Medal of the Ministry of Public Health of the Russian Federation. She has Diploma of “Innovative projects and public health”; Diploma of “Metastable, Amorphous and Nanostructed Materials”; Diploma of “Regenerative Medicine”. She has more than 70 articles and 12 patents. She is a Lead Research Scientist and Cell Techniques and Nanocomposite Materials Group Leader in ITEB RAS.

Abstract:

This invention is the full system (the method and technique) for biomaterials activation and long-time storage and cryopreservation by means of artificial bio matrix nano gels. Here some specific aspects of cooperative Jahn-Teller effect for complicated molecules and structure to function priorities are presented. This is core of activation biomaterials by weak low frequency magnetic field for many branches of biotechnology and medicine. This method is a tool for activation for fast growth and reproduction of stem cells without any cancer transformations with de novo expression of mRNA MDR gene, decreased apoptotic effects and in the required amount which could be the important application in cancer therapy. But in other hand it also could be the way for the biofuel production from microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. The main feature of gels for cultivation, cryopreservation and long-time storage is their ability to heal itself monolithic structure after splitting it into separate pieces. With this method of cultivating a balance is achieved by the number of ways and hydrophobic contacts between the extra-cellular matrix which includes gel and also a cell backing which ensures uniform growth of the cell monolayer.

Biography:

Asokan C has completed his PhD at the age of 27 years from University of Madras and Postdoctoral studies from Columbia University, USA. He is the Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Sokoto State University, Nigeria. He has published more than 36 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of repute

Abstract:

Biopolymer membrane was prepared by using oppositely charged natural biopolymer as a polymer beads. The biopolymer membrane was used for the encapsulation of three hybridoma cell lines to produce monoclonal antibodies. The morphologies of beads and cells growing were observed in inverted microscope. Cell viability was measured by trypan blue dye exclusion method using a haemocytometer. The increased secretion of monoclonal antibody is confirmed by the antibody by titre analysis and protein estimation. These results indicate the effectiveness of encapsulation for hybridoma cell culture. The present study concludes that the yield of diagnostic antibodies is maximized by the encapsulation method.

Biography:

Xianyong Ma received his Ph.D. degree with honors in 1997 from Central South University in P. R. China, and finished his postdoctoral studies in 1999 from Yale University. Now as a research scientist he is working on the mechanism of human endometrial carcinogenesis at molecular level in Yale Medical School. He has published more than 40 papers in reputed journals, two book chapters regarding microarray chips and molecular carcinogenesis, and has been serving as an editorial board member of two reputed journals. Dr. Ma is founding member of Epigenomax Company for development of new treatment strategy of cancers and cardiologic diseases.

Abstract:

Human endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) represents a very rare gynecological malignant tumor that originates from endometrial stromal cells. Tumorigenesis of ESS can originate from abnormal hormone estrogen level/bleeding, and possible from the chemical insult, radiation and viral infection, as well as genetic predispositions. Recently findings indicate this type of tumor is highly associated with chromosomal translocation including t (6; 10) (p21; p11) (very rare), t (6; 7) (p21; p15)(25%) and t (7; 17)(p15; q21)(>50%). These translocations result in production of the fusion proteins of EPC-PHF1, JAZF1-PHF1 and JAZF1-SUZ12 respectively. Very interestingly both of PHF1 and SUZ12 are the polycomb proteins that involve in polycomb repressive complex2/3 (PRC2/3), which is one of the most critical complex for chromatin compaction and gene inactivation. In this study, we established the HESC cell lines that stably express fusion protein JAZF1-SUZ12, wild type JAZF1 and SUZ12 respectively, carried out the proliferation assay for these cells. The cell line with over expression of fusion protein has significant higher proliferation rate comparison with the cell line over expressed SUZ12 (P=0.01<0.05), and shows the features of dedifferentiation. Next we globally detected the gene expression patterns for these cell lines together with ESS samples from Yale New-Haven hospital by using microarray technique. We identified there were 12,817 genes (in total 47323 genes) with same expression behavior among HESC/JAZF1-SUZ12, ESS tumor 1# and ESS tumor 2#. 156 genes with known function are significantly upregulated (>2 fold) and 15 genes are significantly downregulated (>2 fold) only in these three samples. These data were further confirmed by qRT-PCR. Analysis of the 156 upregulated gene indicates there are 9 signaling pathways are activated and 8 are significant (both P and Benjamini values < 0.05) including WNT and cancer signaling pathways. The WNT1, WNT3a, WNT7b, WNT11 and APC2, which are highly up regulated, are involved in both signaling pathway. CHIP analysis shows these four WNT genes are the down stream targets of PRC2-SUZ12, therefore we reasonably detected the trimethylation level of histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27Me3) by CHIP assay using anti-H3K27Me3 antibody. Our study shows the fusion protein is significantly decreased the H3K27Me3 level on the promoter region of these target genes (compare with wild type SUZ12). In summary, we confirmed fusion protein of JAZF1-SUZ12 causes the WNT signaling activation via decreasing the H3K27Me3 level on target promoter regions in ESS tumorigenesis. A numbers of small molecule inhibitors of WNT members and RNA interference technique are being used to confirm if inactivates the highly activated WNT signaling pathway can reverse the proliferation ability and stop de-differentiation process of HESC/JAZF1-SUZ12 cells and primary ESS tumor cells.

Biography:

Dr. Gong has completed his PhD in Gastroenterology from 2nd Military Medical University of Shanghai in the year 1997. Currently he is working as Professor in the Department of Oncology, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, China. He has published more than 40 scientific papers in various national and international journals and a reviewer for reputed journals. Apart from medical oncology, his area of interest is Chinese traditional medicine therapy of cancer.

Abstract:

Objective is to observe the curative effect of Chinese herbal Decoction of Runfei combined with hormone and antibiotic in treating radiation pneumonia (RP) of oesophageal carcinoma. A 56-year-old male underwent surgery for cancer of the uper easophagus (T3N2M0) in Sep. 2014, following postsurgery adjuvantradiotherapy of three dimensional conformal radiotherapy was administered. Two months later, severe pneumonia had been found by Chest X-ray and CT imaging, he received the treatment of hormone and antibiotic. In the meantime, we administered Chinese herbal medicine(Fei Decoction, mixed a variety of effective herbal components) to help him to recover from the poor condition. After taking the Chinese herbs for 2 weeks, the Diffuse patchy shadows and ground glass appearance on Chest X-ray dramatically decreased, with the result to the normal range, and the patient felt free from the complaint of pulmanory and cardiac discomfort. The quality of life has been greatly improved, we managed to have prolonged the PFS (Progression-Free-Survival) and TTP(Time-to-Progression) from the onset to date. In the course of this combined treatment, we showed that Chinese herbal medicine played an importent role in the therapy of oeasophageal carcinoma. Chinese herbs might be an additional choice with its better bebefits and tolerability in the treatment of radiation pneumonia (RP) of oesophageal carcinoma.

Biography:

Sanaa Haroon is a Molecular Nematologist completed her MS and PhD from Florida University, USA. She is the Director of Nematology and Biotechnology lab, Fayoum University, Egypt. She is the Egyptian Representative in the International Federation of Nematolog. She has Published 72 papers and awarded by the Prime Minister in the Global Environmental (Biocontrol), recipient of the Excellence prize 2007 in Molecular Nematology area and National Promotion for Science from the Academy of Science. She has participated in 18 international conferences; Grant coordinator of 16 projects through her scientific life (USA, Germany, Holland, Sweden, European Union). She is also a Member in 9 scientific organizations.

Abstract:

Molecular biology and its application have been used as strong tool for research; it provides an understanding of host parasite interaction at molecular level and seeking new means of parasite intervention. We focus on recent progress in the molecular mechanisms of host parasite relationship with special emphasis to nematode as a serious pest to human, animal and plant our research focus on nematode problems in plants. Root Knot considered as one of the most important pest all over the world, many species has been identified to cause problems to field crops, vegetables and fruit trees. Molecular tools were used for nematode identification, Ribosomal DNA for ITs spacer to identify different genera while multiplex test for different species in mixed population. Different population and races within root knot was determining using RAPD technology, Dendrogram was developed to provide analysis the relationship between populations. RELP technology plays an important role for species analysis; restriction enzymes used to identify species of Root Knot also SCAR techniques used to obtain special markers for each species. Laser captures Micro dissection (LCM) was used for expression analysis of giant cells that is formed by Nematode. Giant cells were collected using (LCM), RNA was extracted and used to make a cDNA library and expressed sequence technology (ESTs) produced and used for gene ontology analysis (LCM) allowed for the isolation of tissue enriched for giant cell providing material suitable for a variety of Molecular analysis. RNAi is also a tool both in cell culture and in living organisms.

Biography:

Hala Abdel Wahab has completed her PhD in 2006 from Paris-Sud University, France. She is an Assistant Professor since 2013 at Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo, Egypt and the Director of Molecular Diagnostic of Plant Diseases Lab. She has published & under published about 11 papers in local and reputed journals and has obtained a project fund as a Principal Investigator from Science and Technology Development Fund, Scientific Research Ministry. She had also registered two patents 2012 at patent office, Scientific Research Ministry.

Abstract:

Gray Mold is a serious constraint in strawberry production worldwide. Early detection of infected strawberry fruits before appearance of symptoms allows timely treatment. Two useful alternative systems, molecular analysis and remote sensing have been used for monitoring large plant samples at a single time point as the early diagnosis is otherwise not possible by visual observation alone. The current study demonstrated that both techniques: The real time PCR and spectroradiometer are reliable techniques for early diagnosis of gray mold in strawberry fruits under laboratory condition. However, the molecular method is very expensive for a routine use. Therefore, the long-term goal of this research is to develop a fast screening technique that can accurately detect and quantify Botrytis infections. The two comparative detection tests were evaluated to identify the Botrytis-infected samples from different infection levels of strawberry fruits. We found that v/near, swir1 and swir2 are the range significant to differentiate between healthy and infected strawberry fruits. Results of this study could suggest potential usage of laboratory remote sensing in monitoring gray mold in symptomless infected fruits. Thus it will be useful for assessing the quiescent infection before export.

Biography:

Mr. Hassan Awad he is a PhD student at the age of 30 years from Saratov state University, Russian Federation. He is assistant lecturer, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Egypt. He is very active person and likes to take responsibility and to work as part of a team and the interaction during the study is very enriching. Also he is already published and attendance in International conference. Now we are preparing to submit a lot of publications in different journals related to Microbiology.

Abstract:

Filamentous fungi in the Aspergillus tubingensis (strain AN103) is a black Aspergillus belonging to the Aspergillus section Nigri, represent some of the most widespread food, fruits and feed contaminants known but they are also some of the most important workhorses used by the biotechnological industry, study strain it was isolated from Golden delicious apple fields at Volga region, Saratov city, Russia. Black Aspergilli were found in 19 of 28 different apple stem samples, ranging from 10 to 45 colony forming units per 10 cm stem surface. This species morphologically resembles Aspergillus niger. Among the secreted extract components, six dimeric naphtho-g-pyrones, named Fonsecin (1), Pyranopyrrol A (2), Rubrofusarin B (3), Citreonigrin E (4), Cyclopenol (5) and a New Asperazine Derivate (6) were isolated from apple associated endophytic fungus Aspergillus tubingensis (AN103) cultivated in solid rice medium. The fungal isolate (AN103) was morphologically characterized by performing cotton blue staining and Molecular characterization performed by ITS1, 4 rRNA gene sequence analysis and it was confirmed as Aspergillus tubingensis. Fungal metabolites and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including HPLC, LC-MS- and 1H-NMR.

Biography:

Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV), an established cause of mammary tumors in mice, is still controversial for its role in human breast cancer. MMTV has been detected in human breast cancer samples from several parts of the world, but the establishment of a causal role is under debate. With reported presence of MMTV-like sequences in human breast cancer samples from Pakistan, 26% of breast cancer tissues, we also present a supposition that integration of MMTV might be in part responsible for breast cancer development. Employing LM-PCR we have identified multiple (16) distinct integration sites of MMTV in human breast cancer tissues. This study is first of its kind in MMTV research in human subjects. The data lends support to the idea of a viral etiology of breast cancer. Furthermore, our data also indicates anomalous behavior of MMTV-like sequences. Previous data suggests a totally random integration of MMTV in both mouse and human genome in cell lines. However, some sites were found to be repeating in different samples, thus, also supporting sequence specific bias in integration. Our data suggests that integration in the genome might give cells a distinct advantage for survival of transformed cells. Although, the link is still not clear, but further studies on these integration sites might reveal a link between MMTV-like sequences and human breast cancer.

Abstract:

Dr. Hajra Sadia has completed her PhD at the age of 28 years from National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE)/ Quaid-i-Azam University. She is working as Assistant Professor at Atta ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences & Technology (NUST) since 2008.

Biography:

Kristyna Bousova is a Ph.D. student of Biochemistry and Patobiochemistry at 2nd Faculty of Medicine Charles University in Prague. During her 3 years of studies, she participates on 2 publications focused on interaction of TRP channels with their modulatory molecules. She holds a master’s degree in Biochemistry from Faculty of Science Charles University in Prague

Abstract:

Transient receptor potential melastatin-4 (TRPM4) is a calcium-activated non-selective ion channel serving as monovalent ion transporter. Receptor plays a plethora of roles in cell sensors systems - participates in ongoing processes in neurons, cardiomyocytes, pancreas cells and T-cells. It has been proven link between defects in the TRPM4 receptor and progressive familial heart block type 1B. The regulation of most TRP channels is inter alia mediated by intracellular proteins and other signal molecules. The direct binding of phosphatidylinositol- 4,5 bisphosphate (PIP2), a minor phospholipid component of cell membranes, to TRP channels and its unique role in receptor modulation have been described previously. We have utilized biochemical and molecular modelling methods to study the interactions of the proximal N-terminal region of TRPM4 with PIP2 and its homolog phosphatidylinositol- 3,4,5 trisphosphate (PIP3). Basic amino acid residues R755 and R767 were determined to be involved in the interaction with PIP2 and PIP3. This is a first report dealing with PIP2 and PIP3 binding at the N-terminus of the TRPM4 receptor. It can be assumed that any binding site for PIP2 is always also for PIP3. These findings provide new insight into the ligand binding domains of the TRPM4 channel.

Biography:

Roya Mafigholami has completed his PhD at the age of 35 years from Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch. She is an assistant professor and the group head of civil engineering-water and wastewater treatment at university. She has published more than 10 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of repute.

Abstract:

This study attempted to conduct a synthetic study on biological recovery of heavy metals from spent catalysts using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. This bacterium produces sulfuric acid and helps recovering metals at the same time. It is easily adapted to growing concentrations of heavy metals under optimized conditions (temperature 30°C, Ph 1.9, pulp density 120 μm, rotation speed 160). This study measured Ph, Eh, cellular mass, ferrous and ferric iron concentrations during bioleaching and also bacterium-mediated bioleached content from the spent catalyst. The results revealed that the higher concentrations of spent catalysts could act as a reproduction inhibitor and as a result lower the growth rate of the bacterium. For example, at 200 g/L, bacterium’s cell division occurred once in 8 days and the kinetics of growth was 0.093 per day. Bacteria’s population rose to 504× 10 7 from the initial 1× 10 7 and then fell to 3.6× 10 7 following the death phase. Reaction rate of culture batch containing 200 mg/L Ni followed 2nd order rate (in the presence of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans) and the kinetics of reaction was the slope of the line (0.005). Also, reaction rate of culture batch containing 200 mg/L V followed 1st order rate (in the presence of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans) and the kinetics of reaction was the slope of the line (-0.086).

Biography:

Oluyemi Awolusi is currently pursuing his PhD (Biotechnology) at the Institute for water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban. His research interest is wastewater treatment where he focuses on ecophysiology of nitrifying community within wastewater treatment systems. He is a member of Water Institute of Southern Africa, and South African Society for Microbiology.

Abstract:

Nitrification is a critical step that depends on the physiology and function of nitrifying microbial diversity in the activated sludge treatment systems. Optimum and efficient nitrification hinges on a better understanding of the structure and dynamics of the nitrifying community structure within the wastewater treatment systems. Different molecular techniques have been successfully employed for characterizing the microbial structure of activated sludge but not without their inherent shortcoming of underestimation. In this study high throughput pyrosequencing was employed in profiling the ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in activated sludge treating municipal waste. PCR based phylogenetic analysis was also carried out. The average operating and environmental parameters as well as nitrification efficiency of the plant was monitored during the study. During the investigation the average temperature was 23±1.5oC. The dissolved oxygen level in the plant was constantly lower than the optimum (between 0.24 and 1.267 mg/l) during this study. The plant was treating wastewater with influent ammonia concentration of 31.69 and 24.47 mg/l. The influent flow rates (ML/Day) was 96.81 during period. The dominant nitrifiers include: Nitrosomonas spp. Nitrobacter spp. and Nitrospira spp. The diversity of AOB the nitrifiers involved with first rate limiting step of ammonia removal had correlation with nitrification efficiency and temperature. Pyrosequencing revealed more details in terms AOB diversity compared to the usual PCR-cloning, as there was species that could only be revealed by pyrosequencing. This result demonstrated the underestimation of the AOB diversity based on the molecular techniques that have been relied upon. The findings of the current study have set the foundation for future research on using pyrosequencing to understand the diversity and role of uncultured AOB in wastewater treatment

Biography:

Abstract:

Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) was introduced into many parts of the world, including Africa, as an ornamental garden pond plant because of its beauty. However, it is considered a dangerous pest today because when not controlled, water hyacinth will cover rivers, lakes and ponds entirely; this dramatically impacts water flow, blocks sunlight from reaching native aquatic plants, and starves the water of oxygen, often killing fish and other aquatic organisms. In the Niger Delta region, water hyacinth is considered a nuisance because of its very obvious devastating environmental impacts in the region. However, water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) constitutes a very important part of an aquatic ecosystem. It possesses specialized growth habits, physiological characteristics and reproductive strategies that allow for rapid growth and spread in freshwater environments and this explains its very rapid spread in the Niger Delta freshwater ecosystem. This paper therefore focuses on the environmental consequences of the proliferation of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) in the Niger Delta freshwater ecosystem, extent of impact, and options available for its ecological utilization which will help mitigate proliferation, restore effective freshwater ecosystem utilization and balance. It concludes by recommending sustainable practices outlining the beneficial uses of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) rather than control.

Biography:

Abstract:

Mangrove sediments 25km south of Jeddah city on the Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia from surface soil were collected from different localities, which was contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons. Twenty Fungal isolates belonging to 12 genera were recovered and three of these isolates were found to be able to grow in association with petroleum oil as sole carbon source under in vitro conditions. These isolates were identified as Cladosporium sphaerospermum, Eupenicillium hirayamae and Paecilomyces variotii, using 18S rDNA gene analysis. The three isolates high potential to degrade petroleum hydrocarbons by co-cultivation under aeration on a rotary shaker. As compared to the controls, these fungi accumulated significantly higher biomass, produced extracellular enzymes and liberated larger volumes of CO2. These observations with Gas chromatography data confirming that these strains could be interesting to use in future field tests. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the ability of Eupenicillium hirayamae species to biodegrade petroleum compounds and is the first research documenting high diversity of marine fungi from mangrove sediments on the Red Sea Coast of Saudi Arabia.

Biography:

Roya Mafigholami has completed his PhD at the age of 35 years from Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch. She is an assistant professor and the group head of civil engineering-water and wastewater treatment at university. She has published more than 10 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an editorial board member of repute.

Abstract:

This study attempted to conduct a synthetic study on biological recovery of heavy metals from spent catalysts using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. This bacterium produces sulfuric acid and helps recovering metals at the same time. It is easily adapted to growing concentrations of heavy metals under optimized conditions (temperature 30°C, Ph 1.9, pulp density 120 μm, rotation speed 160). This study measured Ph, Eh, cellular mass, ferrous and ferric iron concentrations during bioleaching and also bacterium-mediated bioleached content from the spent catalyst. The results revealed that the higher concentrations of spent catalysts could act as a reproduction inhibitor and as a result lower the growth rate of the bacterium. For example, at 200 g/L, bacterium’s cell division occurred once in 8 days and the kinetics of growth was 0.093 per day. Bacteria’s population rose to 504× 10 7 from the initial 1× 10 7 and then fell to 3.6× 10 7 following the death phase. Reaction rate of culture batch containing 200 mg/L Ni followed 2nd order rate (in the presence of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans) and the kinetics of reaction was the slope of the line (0.005). Also, reaction rate of culture batch containing 200 mg/L V followed 1st order rate (in the presence of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans) and the kinetics of reaction was the slope of the line (-0.086).

Biography:

Abstract:

Mangrove sediments 25km south of Jeddah city on the Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia from surface soil were collected from different localities, which was contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons. Twenty Fungal isolates belonging to 12 genera were recovered and three of these isolates were found to be able to grow in association with petroleum oil as sole carbon source under in vitro conditions. These isolates were identified as Cladosporium sphaerospermum, Eupenicillium hirayamae and Paecilomyces variotii, using 18S rDNA gene analysis. The three isolates high potential to degrade petroleum hydrocarbons by co-cultivation under aeration on a rotary shaker. As compared to the controls, these fungi accumulated significantly higher biomass, produced extracellular enzymes and liberated larger volumes of CO2. These observations with Gas chromatography data confirming that these strains could be interesting to use in future field tests. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the ability of Eupenicillium hirayamae species to biodegrade petroleum compounds and is the first research documenting high diversity of marine fungi from mangrove sediments on the Red Sea Coast of Saudi Arabia.

Biography:

Abstract:

Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) was introduced into many parts of the world, including Africa, as an ornamental garden pond plant because of its beauty. However, it is considered a dangerous pest today because when not controlled, water hyacinth will cover rivers, lakes and ponds entirely; this dramatically impacts water flow, blocks sunlight from reaching native aquatic plants, and starves the water of oxygen, often killing fish and other aquatic organisms. In the Niger Delta region, water hyacinth is considered a nuisance because of its very obvious devastating environmental impacts in the region. However, water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) constitutes a very important part of an aquatic ecosystem. It possesses specialized growth habits, physiological characteristics and reproductive strategies that allow for rapid growth and spread in freshwater environments and this explains its very rapid spread in the Niger Delta freshwater ecosystem. This paper therefore focuses on the environmental consequences of the proliferation of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) in the Niger Delta freshwater ecosystem, extent of impact, and options available for its ecological utilization which will help mitigate proliferation, restore effective freshwater ecosystem utilization and balance. It concludes by recommending sustainable practices outlining the beneficial uses of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) rather than control.

Biography:

Sara Jiménez Correa is in her fifth year of Biological Engineering at the Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Medellín. She is a member of the “Synthesis, Reactivity and Transformation of Organic Compounds” research group. Her researching experience in the environmental field, specifically in biological degradation processes by Solid State Fermentation, has improved thanks to her participation in Master projects and her expertise in high-tech equipment. She has published papers in an indexed national review and participated in international congresses.

Abstract:

Azo dyes are widely used in textile and food industries. Their presence, even at low concentrations, generate a high environmental impact for both, the visual pollution and their toxicity. Solid-state fermentation, SSF, using white-rot fungi has demonstrated to be an efficient methodology for the degradation of these compounds. In this work, the influence of two carbon sources present in the fungal inoculum obtained from Trametes versicolor culture, used for the Red 40 dye, R40, degradation adsorbed onto corncob, were evaluated. Two solid media were prepared; the main composition of the first was malt extract 20 g.L-1, and the second was wheat bran extract supplemented with nutrients. Both media were inoculated with a circle of fresh mycelia (d = 1 cm), obtained from the exponential growth area of the fungus on PDA agar, and incubated at 28 °C for at least 15 days. After 20 days, the degradation of R40 was quantified. Such SSF process was carried out in Erlenmeyer flasks of 50 mL, with 500 mg of corncorb-R40; carbon: nitrogen ratio of 40:1; moisture content of 80 %; temperature of 25 ºC and 0.2 mL of malt extract 10 g.L-1 as available carbon source was added. The degradation percentages obtained were 31.36 % for the fungal inoculum supplemented with malt extract, and 93.19 % for the inoculum with wheat bran extract. These results indicate that the media composition in which the inoculum grows, is highly influential on the R40 dye degradation by SSF.

Biography:

Ana Jaramillo has completed her Biological Engineering Degree at the age of 22 years from National University of Colombia and she was awarded as the best average of her career. She is currently taking her Masters studies in Biotechnology at National University of Colombia, Science Faculty. She has been developing investigative work during four years about biological process in the research group of experimental chemistry in the area of solid state fermentation. She has published papers in an indexed national review and participated in international congresses.

Abstract:

Several textile and food dyeing industries discharge annually large amounts of dissolved dyes, which are disposed with minimal or no treatment. These compounds are highly toxic for both, the aquatic ecosystem and human health. It has reported the use of chemical, physical and biological treatment methods of colored effluents. In this study a strategy that combines a physical adsorption method and a biological process was implemented. To evaluate the red 40 dye (R40) degradation under solid state fermentation (SSF) conditions, nine different treatments were carried out, in which the moisture content, carbón:nitrogen ratio (C:N) and the copper sulfate concentration as inductor (IC) were the variables. Each of these treatments was carried out with the fungal species Trametes versicolor and Pleurotus ostreatus. Corncob wastes with R40 dye after an adsorption process was used as solid support for the SSF. Moisture content of 75%, C:N ratio of 30 and IC of 0.5 mM, were the best conditions found to T. versicolor achieving a degradation percentage of 96.9%. With P.ostreatus a 81% of degradation was achieved under the best conditions, moisture content of 80%, C:N ratio of 20, and without inductor addition. The results suggest that the process of SSF with white-rot fungi is efficient for the R40 dye degradation, therefore this methodology could be implemented on a larger scale

Biography:

Oluyemi Awolusi is currently pursuing his PhD (Biotechnology) at the Institute for water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, Durban. His research interest is wastewater treatment where he focuses on ecophysiology of nitrifying community within wastewater treatment systems. He is a member of Water Institute of Southern Africa, and South African Society for Microbiology.

Abstract:

Nitrification is a critical step that depends on the physiology and function of nitrifying microbial diversity in the activated sludge treatment systems. Optimum and efficient nitrification hinges on a better understanding of the structure and dynamics of the nitrifying community structure within the wastewater treatment systems. Different molecular techniques have been successfully employed for characterizing the microbial structure of activated sludge but not without their inherent shortcoming of underestimation. In this study high throughput pyrosequencing was employed in profiling the ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in activated sludge treating municipal waste. PCR based phylogenetic analysis was also carried out. The average operating and environmental parameters as well as nitrification efficiency of the plant was monitored during the study. During the investigation the average temperature was 23±1.5oC. The dissolved oxygen level in the plant was constantly lower than the optimum (between 0.24 and 1.267 mg/l) during this study. The plant was treating wastewater with influent ammonia concentration of 31.69 and 24.47 mg/l. The influent flow rates (ML/Day) was 96.81 during period. The dominant nitrifiers include: Nitrosomonas spp. Nitrobacter spp. and Nitrospira spp. The diversity of AOB the nitrifiers involved with first rate limiting step of ammonia removal had correlation with nitrification efficiency and temperature. Pyrosequencing revealed more details in terms AOB diversity compared to the usual PCR-cloning, as there was species that could only be revealed by pyrosequencing. This result demonstrated the underestimation of the AOB diversity based on the molecular techniques that have been relied upon. The findings of the current study have set the foundation for future research on using pyrosequencing to understand the diversity and role of uncultured AOB in wastewater treatment

Biography:

Abstract:

In this study, biodegrading ability of spices of isolated bacteria from the soil which was contaminated by Crude Oil was studied. Soil samples were taken from different areas of contaminated soil by Crude Oil. More than 10 important species were identified by culture and biochemical test (Preliminary identification) and molecular tests including sequence determination analysis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and 16S rRNA (final identification). Isolated species (specially bacillus) are able to biodegrade Crude Oil Carbohydrates by producing Bio-Surfactants and lowering the rate of Surface Tension at different temperatures and pHs. The decrease of surface tension from 57mN/m to 31mN/m at 37 °Cand to 32.5mN/m at 20 °C by Bacillus Cereus and57mN/m to 30.5mN/m at 37 °Cand to 31.5mN/m at 20 °C by Bacillus subtilis in samples with 1% Crude Oil can be referred to as the results of this research.

Biography:

Abstract:

Bacillus sp. LCBC245, which grew at a temperature of 30 0C, pH of 10.3 and under anaerobic condition, produced an alkaline amylase. The growth of the organism and amylase production reached a maximum of 0.46 and 74.09U/ml, respectively, after 36 h of incubation. The organism secreted a maximum of 69.12 and 76.96 (U/ml) of amylase when grown in liquid media containing (w/v) 1% maize and 0.5% peptone as the sole carbon and nitrogen source, respectively. On the other hand, the level of enzyme production reached a peak value of 59.52 U/ml at 0.1M NaCl and 34.23U/ml at 1% of raw starch and thereafter progressively declined in both cases. The enzyme performed optimally in the range 55-65 0C, with a peak value of 100%, and 50-600C, with a peak value of 77.59%, in the presence and absence of 5mM CaCl2, respectively. LCBC245 amylase lost more than 70 % of its activity for NaCl concentrations exceeding 1M at incubation temperature of 50 0C for 15min and in the presence of 5mM CaCl2. After the enzyme was incubated at 55 0C for 1 h it retained 66.91% and 61.42% of its original activity corresponding to the presence and absence of 5mM CaCl2 in the reaction mixture. The optimum pH of the enzyme was 10.5 and it was stable in broad pH ranges (8-11). It had a relative residual activity of 86.33 after it was incubated for 1 h at pH 11 in 50 mM Glycine-NaOH buffer. As far as its reducing power is concerned LCBC245 amylase was able to liberate 504.25μmol/ml of reducing sugar equivalents by hydrolyzing 36.31% of a previously gelatinized starch [25 % (w/v)] after 10 h of incubation at 60 0C and pH of 10. Thus, the amylase from LCBC245 is a liquefying type. Therefore, the amylase from Bacillus sp., LCBC245 was stable at high alkaline pH ranges and required Ca+2 for enhancing its thermoactivity and thermostability. The organism produced amylase maximally when grown in media containing undefined carbon sources, 0 M NaCl and organic nitrogen sources, and incubated under anaerobic condition.

Biography:

1978 and 1999 has completed his Ph.D and D.Sci. at the ages of 33 and 54 years from Zelinsky Instiute of Organic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia and Durmishidze Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Tbilisi, Georgia, respectively. 2006 up to date he is the head of laboratory of plant biopolymers at the Tbilisi State Medical University Institute of Pharmacochemistry. 1996 and 2002 he has been a visiting scientist at Utrecht University (faculty of pharmacy), The Netherlands, by University Scholarship and The Netherlands organization for scientific research (NWO) Scholarship Scientific Program, respectively. He has published more than 66 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

The structure elucidation of the main structural element of high molecular fractions from medicinal plants of Symphytum asperum, S.caucasicum, S.officinale and Anchusa italica (Boraginaceae) was carried out. According to 13C, 1H NMR, and 2D heteronuclear 1H/13C HSQC spectral data of these preparations was found that the main component of these preparations is regularly substituted polyoxyethylene, namely poly[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)glyceric acid] (PDPGA) or poly[oxy-1-carboxy-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethylene]. PDPGA represents a new class of natural polyethers with a residue of 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)glyceric acid as the repeating unit. Most of the carboxylic groups of PDPGA from A. italica unlike the polymer of Symphytum species according to 2D DOSY experiment are methylated. Such caffeic acid-derived biopolymer to our knowledge has not been known and has been identified for the first time. Besides, the racemic and enantioselective synthesis of basic monomeric moiety of PDPGA was carried out. 2,3-Dihydroxy-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propionic acid (DDPPA) and the virtually pure enantiomers, (+)-(2R,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propionic acid and (-)-(2S,3R)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propionic acid were synthesized for the first time via Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation (AD) of trans-caffeic acid derivatives using the enantiocomplementary catalysts, cinchona alkaloid derivatives (DHQD)2-PHAL and (DHQ)2-PHAL. PDPGA and its synthetic monomer exerted anti-cancer efficacy in vitro and in vivo against androgen-dependent and -independent human prostate cancer (PCA) cells via targeting androgen receptor, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis without any toxicity, together with a strong decrease in PSA level in plasma. Overall, this study identifies PDPGA as a potent agent against PCA without any toxicity, and supports its clinical application.

Biography:

Rita Ferin obtained her PhD degree in Biology (Biochemistry) in the University of the Azores. She is currently a Post-Doc fellow at the Department of Technological Sciences and Development at the University of the Azores. Her research interests include studies on the risk factors of atherosclerosis, namely biochemical markers and development of analytical methods for biological samples separation, and she has published several articles in peer-reviewed journals.

Abstract:

Ascorbic (AA) and uric (UA) acids act as antioxidants and are capable to react with biologically relevant oxidants. Therefore, these compounds can be considered important oxidative stress plasma markers. We aimed to developed a simple, rapid, sensitive, and accurate ion-exclusion HPLC-UV methodology (isocratic elution) for the simultaneously determination of AA and UA in human plasma, as well as its employment in the assessment of the antioxidant status in a group of Azorean subjects. Pre-analytical procedures were required for an accurate and reliable measurement such the use of heparin as anticoagulant and the addition of meta-phosphoric acid to plasma samples before storage. Chromatographic separation was achieved by an isocratic elution on a HEMA-BIO 1000 SB analytical column (250 x 4.6 mm I.D., 10 m) using a phosphate buffer, pH 2.4, as a mobile phase. Results indicated an excellent linearity with correlation coefficients (r2) ≥0.999. The LOQ of the AA and UA was 1.02 and 1.42 nmol/mL, respectively, while LOD ranged from 0.306 to 0.426 nmol/mL. A great repeatability for both antioxidants was found where the CV (%) values for intra-day were lower than 1.8% and under 6.5% for the inter-day assay. For AA the recovery ranged from 92% to 96% and for UA from 99% to 100%. This validated method allows the determination of both antioxidants within 10 min, and is well suited to routine measurements and/or high-throughput clinical analysis. The methodology was applied to assess the antioxidant status of a group of Azorean subjects.

Biography:

Sheree J. Finley is a PhD student in Microbiology at Alabama State University. During her two year doctoral matriculation, she has published several review and research papers in scientific literature. She has expertise in microbial diversity of cadaver gravesoil through a collaborative partnership with a “body farm” located at the Forensic Anthropology Center at Texas State (FACTS) outdoor Forensic Anthropology Research Facility (FARF). She was as an oral presenter and demonstrator of DNA extraction techniques in an NSF grant-supported workshop titled "Hands-on Evaluation of the Thanatomicrobiome and Epinecrotic Communities" at the 2015 67th annual American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS).

Abstract:

The study of the postmortem microbial transformations in gravesoil has yet to be fully investigated across all steps during putrefaction. Currently, there is a need for advanced biotechnological approaches to analyze postmortem microbiology of the gravesoil from cadavers. Soil microbial studies have estimated that the number of species of bacteria per gram of soil is up to eight million depending on the soil type. The goal of the present study is to survey the microorganisms associated with cadaver gravesoil collected from the Forensic Anthropology Research Facility at Texas State University to identify predominant microbes present during the stages of decomposition. Using next-generation sequencing, (i) microbial community composition was isolated and characterized; and (ii) the microbial communities’ taxon richness was identified. The findings show that the taxa were variable and there was a decreasing trend in taxon richness, diversity and evenness over time for cadavers placed on the soil surface. The also results demonstrated that Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum in all of the cadaver soil samples. There is also a marked decrease in both acidotrophic bacteria (Acidobacteria) and edaphic verrucae (Verrucomicrobia) in the samples. These novel findings add to the notion that documenting and discovering differences in bacterial communities is crucial to advancing the knowledge of cadaver decomposition in soil. Presently, results of a metagenomic approach of this kind remain unreported and have applicability towards advancing forensic investigations and studies.

Biography:

Dr. Hala Abdel Wahab has completed her PhD, 2006 from Paris-Sud University, France. She is an assistant professor since 2013 at Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo, Egypt and the Director of Molecular Diagnostic of Plant Diseases Lab. She has published & under published about 11 papers in local and reputed journals and has obtained a project fund as a principal investigator from Science and Technology Development Fund, Scientific Research Ministry. She had also registered two patents 2012 at patent office, Scientific Research Ministry.

Abstract:

Gray Mold is a serious constraint in strawberry production worldwide. Early detection of infected strawberry fruits, before appearance of symptoms, allow timely treatment. Two useful alternative systems, molecular analysis and remote sensing, have been used for monitoring large plant samples at a single time point, as the early diagnosis is otherwise not possible by visual observation alone. The current study demonstrated that both techniques: the real time PCR and spectroradiometer are reliable techniques for early diagnosis of gray mold in strawberry fruits under laboratory condition. However, the molecular method is very expensive for a routine use. Therefore, the long-term goal of this research is to develop a fast screening technique that can accurately detect and quantify Botrytis infections. The two comparative detection tests were evaluated to identify the Botrytis-infected samples from different infection levels of strawberry fruits. We found that v/near, swir1 and swir2 are the range significant to differentiate between healthy and infected strawberry fruits. Results of this study could suggest potential usage of laboratory remote sensing in monitoring gray mold in symptomless infected fruits. Thus it will be useful for assessing the quiescent infection before export.

Biography:

Dr. Jacquelinne Acuna has completed her PhD at the age of 30 years from La Frontera University of southern of Chile. She working in the microbial ecology, plant-microbe interaction and biotechnology of microorganisms. She is postdoctoral researcher in the Center of Plant, Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Biotechnological Bioresource Nucleus from La Frontera University.

Abstract:

Bacterial communities associated with roots (rhizobacteria) carry out functions that are essential to plant nutrition in terrestrial ecosystems. Rhizobacteria that inhabit extreme environments regions produce enzymes adapted to those environments. The goal of this study was to evaluate the diversity and abundance of phosphatase-producing rhizobacteria from Chilean extreme environments. We analyzed rhizospheres samples from Atacama Desert, Quetrupillan volcano Maluil-malal sector from Lanín volcano, natural hot spring from Liquiñe, Patagonia and Antartic. Our results showed that significant differences in the presence of dominants bands were observed in samples from Atacama Desert and Patagonia, in relation to samples from La Araucanía and Los Ríos. According to this differences, UPGMA clustering analysis revealed the existence of three major groups with a similarity of 40% for Patagonia and Antarctic, following by La Araucanía and Los Rios region, and finally Atacama Desert. Occurrence of 16S rRNA copies was high in samples from La Araucanía and Los Rios region, whereas soils from zones geographically differentiated such as; Atacama Desert, Patagonia and Antarctica shown less copies to constitutive 16S rRNA from bacterial communities. Genotyping across ERIC-PCR was a validate method for evaluate genetic diversity between strains with the similar phenotypes. In our study, the 6 sampling sites along of Chilean extreme ecotypes have shown a high diversity of genotypes (ranging from 29% to 66% of different genotypes). This study showed that Chilean ecosystems contains a wide rhizobacterial diversity and highlight our limited knowledge of their ecology, interaction with plants, and their potential as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria based on the production of phosphatase.

Biography:

Benita Kalicharan is currently completing her PhD in Biological Sciences as a member of the Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development at the University of Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa. Her areas of specialization include electron microscopy, plant biotechnology and ethnopharmacology. Her research interests lie in the study of plant secretory structures, micropropagation of threatened species and the bioguided isolation and characterization of phytocompounds from established and potential medicinal plants.

Abstract:

Stachys is one of the largest genera in the family Lamiaceae with many members being used as ornamentals, edible food sources and as therapeutic agents in traditional medicine. Stachys natalensis Hochst., is a perennial, straggling shrub found in grassy and woody areas along the east coast of southern Africa. This study was undertaken to describe key micro-morphological features of the foliar structures of S. natalensis and establish an in vitro micropropagation protocol for the sustained and high-yielding production of this difficult to cultivate species. Furthermore, the foliar micro-morphological fidelity between field and in vitro propagated material was compared. Successful decontamination of axillary bud explants involved immersion in 1 % and 3 % NaClO, followed by 0.1 % HgCl2. Bud break was achieved within 3 weeks on MS media supplemented with benzylaminopurine (BAP) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Shoot multiplication (9.1 ± 3.6 shoots/explant) was achieved in media containing kinetin and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) after 12 weeks. The addition of IAA to MS medium allowed for 64 % of shoots to produce adventitious roots in 5 weeks, after which rooted plants were acclimatized. Acclimatized plantlets (92 ± 4.2 %) did not show any gross morphological abnormalities compared to field-grown plants, apart from the presence of visibly longer non-glandular trichomes. Glandular trichomes of acclimatized plants were morphologically similar to their field-grown counterparts. Trichome density of micro-propagated plants decreased with leaf maturity, as observed on field-grown plants. With an effective in vitro propagation protocol presently established, further optimization is required for enhanced plantlet production.

Biography:

Alicja Hryniszyn has completed her studies in 2011 and obtained title Master of Engineering from Silesian University of Technology (SUT), as a specialist in environmental biotechnology. Since 2011 until now she is a PhD student at the Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering in SUT. She has participated in courses involving application of the atomic force microscope as well as of the Raman spectrometer. She also participated in the research project “Investigation of the influence of biofilm of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans bacteria on implantation titanium alloys”, financed by the Polish National Science Center.

Abstract:

Numerous pathogens are able to survive in environment even for a long time, and then can attack human or other organisms. The permissible concentrations of viruses in drinking water and in water for agricultural purposes have been determined in many directives. However, it is very difficult to evaluate the risk of infection by various viruses including enteroviruses. For the risk assessment, knowledge concerning the pathogen concentration that cause adversely affect on human health is important. However, obtaining data concerning minimal dose of the enteroviruses which cause human diseases is practically impossible (ethical objections, high costs). For that reason, it should be found that any concentration level of viruses present in drinking water or water used for agricultural purposes might be hazardous; thus, their presence in water should be monitored. There are a lot of modern methods which are used for detection of viruses in water. These methods include ViriChip technique (AFM coupled with protein microarray), flow cytometry, electrophoresis, and biosensors. All of these methods have shortcomings, except biosensors. For example, sensitivity of ViriChip technique depends mainly on viral size, and concentration and specific activity of antigens. Flow cytometry requires dissolution of samples and it is not suitable for RNA viruses detection. Biosensors are the future of viral detection in variety of water samples enabling development of studies on more effective methods of viruses elimination.

Biography:

Dr Olaitan Olajuyigbe is a Principal Research Officer with the Department of Fish Technology and Products Development, Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, Victoria Island, Lagos, Nigeria. She has a PhD in Environmental Microbiology from the University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Her area of interest is in fish nutrition, value addition and food safety. She has published more than 10 papers in reputable journals.

Abstract:

The uncontrolled dumping of shrimp waste (SW) into waterways results in environmental pollution. The bio-conversion of SW into Value-Added Products (VAP) would reduce environmental pollution and provide some economic benefits. This study was designed to convert SW into VAP utilisable as a replacement for fishmeal in fishfeed formulation. SW was collected from processors at Ijora market in Lagos, Nigeria. Bacteria and fungi were isolated from the SW, Solid state fermentation of SW was carried Bacillus subtilis (B42). Six diets (D1-D6) were compounded using 0, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of Bacteria Fermented Shrimp Waste (BFSW) as a replacement for fishmeal. The diets were fed to Clarias gariepinus fingerlings (11.1±0.2g) at 20 fingerlings/ treatment in three replicates, using a completely randomised design. Weight Gain (WG), Survival Rate (SR), and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) were recorded fortnightly. Haematological Index (HI) and feed cost analysis were evaluated at the end of the experiment. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA at p = 0.05. The highest WG (71.9±1.1 g) was obtained for fish group fed D2. There were no significant differences among the FCR of fish fed D1-D4 (1.3-2.0), the diets had no significant influence on SR and HI of the fingerlings. D3 (25% BFSW) had the least cost of production ($1.39/kg), the highest profit index (2.7), and net profit ($2.19/kg) . Fermentation of shrimp waste with Bacillus subtilis (B42) was effective in its conversion to VAP suitable for use as an alternative to fishmeal in fishfeed formulation.